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  • From: "Lawrence F. London, Jr." <lflj@bellsouth.net>
  • To: nafex ibiblio mailing list <nafex@lists.ibiblio.org>
  • Subject: Re: [nafex ibiblio list] NAFEX fora
  • Date: Tue, 20 Dec 2011 23:36:49 -0500

On 12/20/2011 9:11 PM, Claude Jolicoeur wrote:

And as Rivka says, the Pomona printed journal has
taken a lot of its material from the list - and
as far as I recall, even issues not that old
still used material from this list


For what its worth there are other forums where useful information may be gleaned and used in publications. Here are fruit archives I put together over the years, mostly back in the 1990's:
http://www.ibiblio.org/ecolandtech/orgfarm/fruit/
Among other documents this contains saved articles from two Usenet newsgroups, sci.agriculture.fruit and alt.agriculture.fruit, when they were active. There may be much useful material in this archive, all viewable online or downloadable. This kind of thing used to be freely distributed on the Internet often as arrays of FAQs. The Usenet newsgroup archives will need to be downloaded and viewed with an ascii text editor (wordpad, textpad or other). There's plenty of spam mixed in with the good articles, unfortunately.

Here are samples of the content:

http://www.ibiblio.org/ecolandtech/orgfarm/fruit/faqs/Dr.Razbys-berry-info/
Dr.Razbys.Berry-News 19-Apr-1995 23:10 2.9K
raspberry.faq 19-Apr-1995 23:08 10K
raspberry.growing+research 19-Apr-1995 23:09 4.5K
wild-blueberry.faq 19-Apr-1995 23:08 11K
http://www.ibiblio.org/ecolandtech/orgfarm/fruit/faqs/
Dr.Razbys-berry-info/ 20-Apr-1995 00:59 -
Fruit-Newsgroup.draft-FAQ 15-Aug-1996 23:06 1.7K
INDEX 23-Apr-1995 23:28 268
The-Mighty-Lingonberry.by-R.E.Gough 03-Oct-1994 10:45 9.6K
blueberry.faq 18-Jul-1994 13:29 6.0K
currant-facts.RB 03-Nov-1999 21:58 17K
fruit-tree-grafting.faq.1-95 30-Jul-1993 21:59 5.1K
fruit.tree.grafting.faq 09-Aug-1993 19:03 4.8K
gardening-FAQs.txt 31-Oct-1999 16:08 6.5K
rare-fruit.faq 01-Aug-1993 22:04 2.0K
some-gardening-FAQs-on-the-Web 31-Oct-1999 16:08 4.3K
tangerine-mandarin.faq 03-Mar-1994 13:11 32K
tangerine.faq 17-Feb-1993 11:11 4.4K
tangerine.faq.new 23-Apr-1993 22:43 18K

Date: 23 Apr 93 17:29:13 EDT
From: Rick Harrison <71174.2735@CompuServe.COM>
Subject: Tangerine FAQ [revised]

A DIRECTORY OF MANDARINS / TANGERINES AND THEIR HYBRIDS 1993.04
Rick Harrison, PO Box 54-7014, Orlando FL 32854, USA
Internet e-mail: 71174.2735@compuserve.com phone: 407-645-3031

Mandarins/tangerines are citrus fruits and trees of the species
_Citrus_reticulata_ Blanco. They are distinguished from other citrus
species by the relatively loose skin of the fruits, the relative ease
with which the segments can be separated, and (in most cultivars) the
green cotyledons. Most varieties also contain chemical compounds not
found in other citrus species: _thymol_ in the leaves and _tangeretin_
in the fruits. Some experts consider the varieties King, Satsuma,
Cleopatra and Ponkan to be separate species unto themselves.

If you live in an area that doesn't have hard freezes, you can grow
tangerine trees outdoors; they usually require little attention after
they have established themselves. In colder areas, they can be grown
in greenhouses or in portable containers. Although I am trying to
gather data on all known varieties, I have limited this list to
varieties readily available in the United States and varieties of
commercial importance elsewhere.

hardiness = tolerance to cold; season = when the fruit is ripe (this
varies depending on climate); holds = how well the fruit lasts on the
tree after maturing; size, shape, base, apex, etc. = description of fruit

+-----------+
| mandarins |
+-----------+

variety: Clementine (a.k.a. Algerian)
tree: medium, spreading or weeping habit, nearly thornless
leaves: dark green above and lighter on underside; dense foliage
season: Dec Jan Feb
holds: well
size: medium, diam. 2 to 2.5, height 2 to 2.75
shape: globose to ovoid, somewhat irregular
base: evenly rounded to slightly necked, with radiating furrows
apex: depressed
axis: large, hollow
color: deep orange-red
surface: smooth, glossy, slightly pitted
rind: medium thick, 1/8 to 3/16, loose
oil glands: prominent, large, elliptical, depressions over primary ones
segments: 8 to 12, slight adherence
pulp: tender, melting, deep orange
flavor: sweet
seeds: 0 to 6, medium size, oblong to fusiform; embryo pistache green
history: discov in Algeria, came to FL 1909
notes: seedless and self-fertile in some relatively arid climates, but
requires pollination from Dancy, Kinnow, Orlando, Valencia in FL;
produces best fruit in deserts of California and Arizona; an
important commercial variety in the Mediterranean area

variety: Cleopatra (a.k.a. Spice)
tree: low, spreading, dense foliage, attractive
leaves: small, dark green
season: Jan Feb
size: small, up to 2 inch diam.
shape: oblate
base: flat
apex: depressed, generally navel marked
color: deep red-orange
surface: somewhat rough
rind: very loose, up to 1/8 thick
pulp: coarse-grained, orange
flavor: tart
seeds: numerous, small
history: came from Jamaica to Florida before 1888
notes: used as rootstock for other varieties; possibly identical
with Ponki, which is used as a rootstock in Japan

variety: Dancy (formerly a.k.a. Moragne, Bijou)
hardiness: hardy
tree: medium-large, erect, nearly thornless
leaves: broadly lanceolate, 3 to 4.75 inches long
season: Nov Dec Jan
holds: fair
size: medium, diam. 2.25 to 3, height 1.5 to 2.125
shape: oblate
base: usually necked, more or less corrugated
apex: broadly depressed
color: deep red-orange
surface: smooth, glossy
rind: thin, 1/8 to 3/16, leathery, easily removed
segments: 10 to 14, easily separated
pulp: melting, tender, dark orange
vesicles: short, broad, relatively large
flavor: rich and sprightly, pleasant aroma
seeds: 6 to 20, short, blunt or beaked; cotyledons pistache green
history: introduced into cultivation 1871
notes: Does best in Florida. Recently this variety's susceptibility
to alternaria has been a problem in commercial groves.

variety: Dweet
category: mandarin (hybrid: Dancy x Mediterranean)
tree: medium, open habit
season: late
size: medium-large
shape: ovoid with a slight neck
color: red-orange
flavor: rich
notes: does well in coastal and interior California

variety: Emperor
season: Nov Dec Jan Feb
size: large, avg. diam. 2.5, height 1.75
shape: oblate, sometimes has a "neck"
color: pale orange
base: sometimes necked
rind: moderately thin, easy to peel
segments: 9 to 10, sometimes irregular
pulp: pale orange color
seeds: 10 to 16, long and pointed
notes: widely grown in Australia early in 20th century

variety: Encore
category: mandarin (hybrid: King x Mediterranean)
tree: medium, upright/spreading habit, few or no thorns
season: Mar Apr May Jun
holds: well
color: yellow-orange speckled with dark orange-to-brown spots
rind: easily peeled
flavor: rich
seeds: many
history: introduced by University of California at Riverside;
consumers often assume the dark spots on the rind are
a sign of decay

variety: Honey
category: mandarin (hybrid: King x Mediterranean)
tree: medium-to-large, vigorous, spreading
season: early
holds: well
size: small to medium
color: yellow-orange
rind: easily peeled
flavor: very sweet
seeds: many
notes: beware of name confusion; Murcott tangors are sometimes
called "Honey tangerines"; Minneola is a.k.a. Honeybell.
Honey is a commercial variety in California.

variety: Kara
category: mandarin (hybrid: Owari Satsuma x King)
hardiness: sensitive
tree: medium, vigorous, spreading, nearly thornless
leaves: large, dark green, with drooping habit
season: Mar Apr May
holds: fair
size: medium, diam. 2 to 3, height 2.125 to 2.75
shape: medium oblate to nearly globose, often somewhat conical
color: orange
surface: moderately grained
rind: thin-to-medium, 1/8 to 1/5, loose, tough
oil glands: numerous, medium size; oil is abundant, aromatic
flavor: rich flavor, strong pleasant unique aroma
seeds: 12 to 20, plump, yellow-tinged or yellow-green cotyledons
history: H B Frost, CA Citrus Experiment Station, 1935
notes: best in interior California; sometimes grown for its juice

variety: King (a.k.a. King of Siam)
hardiness: hardy
tree: upright, medium size, relatively open foliage
leaves: large, 3 to 4.25, broadly lanceolate, margins slightly crenate
season: Mar Apr May
size: large, diam. 2.5 to 3.75, height 2.25 to 3.5 inches
shape: oblate to near spherical
base: rounded or somewhat necked, wrinkled with short radiating furrows
apex: flattened or depressed, marked by characteristic areole
color: yellow-orange to orange
surface: rough and bumpy
rind: thick, 3/16 to 5/16, tight but easily removed
oil glands: large, depressions over main ones give finely pitted appearance
flavor: rich and sprightly
seeds: 5 to 15 or more, fusiform, plump, beaked, white cotyledons
history: from Saigon to Riverside CA 1880; to Winter Park FL 1882
notes: susceptible to sun scald due to thin foliage, limb breakage due
to over-bearing; might be identical to Kunenbo grown in Japan

variety: Kinnow
category: mandarin (hybrid: King x Willow-leaf)
hardiness: very hardy
tree: vigorous, large, erect, dense
leaves: medium size, rather thin and pliable
season: Jan Feb Mar Apr
holds: well
size: medium, diam. 2.125 to 3, height 2 to 2.5
shape: slightly oblate
color: deep yellow-orange
surface: smooth, glossy, easily scars
rind: thin, 1/8, leathery, fairly easy to peel
oil glands: conspicuous, oil is abundant and aromatic
flavor: rich, high sugar and moderate acid, unique pleasant aroma
seeds: 12 to 24, medium size, yellowish cotyledons
history: H B Frost, CA Citrus Experiment Station, 1935
notes: reportedly has outstanding flavor, attractive appearance;
probably will do better in CA and AZ than in FL

variety: Pixie
category: mandarin (offspring of Kincy)
tree: medium-large, with erect open habit
season: Apr May Jun
size: small to medium
color: yellow-orange
rind: easily peeled
flavor: mild
seeds: none

variety: Ponkan (a.k.a. Warnurco, Chinese Honey Orange, Batangas)
hardiness: hardy? tender? (different sources give different data)
tree: small, upright
season: Nov Dec
holds: fair
size: large, diam. 2.75 to 3.25
shape: globose to oblate
base: flattened or somewhat necked, with irregular furrows
apex: deeply depressed, with radiating furrows, sometimes with navel
axis: large, hollow
color: orange
surface: smooth or finely papillate
rind: medium thick, loosely adherent
flavor: sweet, aromatic
seeds: few, small, plump, nearly smooth; green embryos
history: from China to FL 1892

variety: Satsuma (a.k.a. Unshiu)
hardiness: very hardy (to 12'F when dormant)
tree: small to medium, spreading, slow-growing
leaves: (depends on strain)
season: Sep Oct Nov
size: medium to large
shape: oblate to spherical or slightly conical
color: orange to yellow-orange
surface: slightly rough
rind: thin, 1/8 to 3/16, tight but easily peeled
oil glands: large and numerous
flavor: good, low acid
seeds: few
history: originated in Japan circa 1600, Japan to USA 1876
notes: pulp ripens before rind changes color; there are many different
strains, including Owari, Wase, Ikeda, Mikado; rootstock and
soil influence fruit quality; mutations and throwbacks common

variety: Wilking
category: mandarin (hybrid: King x Willow-leaf)
hardiness: hardy
tree: medium, vigorous, columnar, dense
leaves: medium size, up to 4.75 inches long
season: Jan Feb Mar Apr
holds: fair
size: medium, diam. 2.125 to 3.125, height 1.75 to 3
shape: oblate
color: deep yellow-orange
surface: coarsely grained to nearly smooth
rind: thin to medium, 1/8 to 1/6, brittle, loose
oil glands: medium size, numerous, conspicuous; oil abundant, aromatic
flavor: rich, good, high sugar, moderate acid, distinctive aroma
seeds: 10 to 17, mostly plump, yellow-green cotyledons
history: developed by H Frost, CA Citrus Experiment Station, 1935

variety: Willow-leaf (a.k.a. Mediterranean, China)
hardiness: hardy
tree: small to medium, broad, with fine willowy branches
leaves: small, narrow, lanceolate
season: Nov Dec Jan
holds: poorly
size: medium, diam. 2 to 2.5, height 1.75 to 2.25
shape: oblate to globose
color: yellow-orange
surface: smooth, glossy, segmentation visible
rind: thin, 1/16 to 1/8, loose
flavor: sweet, flavorful, distinctly aromatic
seeds: 15 to 20
history: from Italy to Louisiana circa 1845
notes: needs a hot, non-humid climate for best fruit

+-----------------------------+
| tangerine x tangelo hybrids |
+-----------------------------+

variety: Fairchild
category: (hybrid: Clementine x Orlando)
tree: medium, rounded, dense, nearly thornless
season: early
holds: fair
size: medium-size
color: deep orange
flavor: sweet, rich
seeds: many
history: developed by J R Furr, released 1964
notes: does best in the low deserts of California and Arizona;
needs to be pollinated by other mandarins for best production

variety: Lee
category: (hybrid: Clementine x Orlando)
hardiness: hardy
season: Oct Nov Dec
size: medium
surface: smooth
rind: adherent
flavor: good
history: developed by F E Gardner, released by USDA 1959
notes: pulp ripens before peel develops full orange color

variety: Nova
category: (hybrid: Clementine x Orlando)
season: early
size: medium to large
shape: oblate
color: orange
rind: medium-thick, adherent but peelable
history: developed by F E Gardner, released by USDA in 1964

variety: Page
category: (hybrid: Minneola x Clementine)
tree: medium, round, dense foliage, few thorns
season: Nov Dec
holds: well
size: small-to-medium
shape: nearly spherical (can pass for an orange)
color: orange
rind: medium-thin
flavor: rich
history: developed by F E Gardner, released by USDA 1963
notes: produces best fruit when pollinated by other varieties;
"great choice for fresh juice lovers"

variety: Robinson
category: (hybrid: Clementine x Orlando)
hardiness: hardy
season: Oct Nov Dec
color: yellow-orange to orange
size: medium
flavor: mild (actually _bland_ in my humble opinion)
history: developed by F E Gardner, introduced in 1959
notes: best when pollinated by a tangelo or tangor; susceptible to
twig and stem dieback

variety: Sunburst
category: (hybrid: Robinson x Osceola)
hardiness: hardy
season: Nov Dec Jan
flavor: sweet
history: introduced in 1979, developed by Dr. C. Jack Hearn
notes: best when pollinated by other varieties; resistant to
citrus snow scale; vulnerable to citrus rust mite

+----------+
| tangelos |
+----------+

variety: K-Early
category: probably a tangelo
season: early -- the earliest mandarin
notes: developed by H J Webber and W T Swingle; fruit tends to
be bitter, with low sugar and low acid; grown by unscrupulous
producers who get a high price for early fruit; K-Early looks
like Orlando tangelo, and the resulting guilt-by-association
has reduced the commercial market for Orlando tangelos

variety: Minneola (a.k.a. Honeybell)
category: tangelo (Duncan x Dancy)
hardiness: hardy
tree: medium-large, vigorous, round
leaves: dark green, large
season: Dec Jan Feb
holds: well
size: large
shape: globose-ovoid with distinct "neck"
color: red-orange
rind: thick, brittle
flavor: rich, tangy
seeds: less than 10 on average
notes: best when pollinated by Dancy, Clementine, Kinnow, Temple

variety: Orlando (a.k.a. Lake)
category: tangelo (Duncan x Dancy)
hardiness: "more cold-tolerant than Minneola"
tree: dark, distinctively cupped leaves
season: Nov Dec Jan
size: medium-large
color: orange
rind: strongly adherent
flavor: mildly sweet
history: bred by W T Swingle in 1911, released in 1931
notes: best when pollinated by Dancy, Clementine, Kinnow, Temple;
will grow in deserts of CA and AZ

variety: Seminole
category: tangelo (Dancy x Duncan)
tree: medium to large, vigorous
season: Feb Mar Apr
holds: fair
size: medium-large
color: red-orange
rind: easily peeled
flavor: sprightly, tangy
seeds: many (22 average)
history: released 1931

+---------+
| tangors |
+---------+

variety: Ambersweet
category: tangor+ ([Clementine x Orlando] x sweet orange)
hardiness: hardy
season: Oct Nov
size: 3 to 3.5 diam.

variety: Fallglo
category: (hybrid: Bower x Temple)
season: Oct Nov
history: released by USDA 1987

variety: Murcott
category: tangor
hardiness: semi-sensitive
tree: medium, upright
season: Jan Feb Mar
size: medium
color: yellow-orange
surface: smooth and somewhat glossy
rind: thin, tight but peelable
flavor: sweet, rich
seeds: 18 to 24
history: probably the result of Swingle's breeding experiments,
the parent tree lost its identification tag in transit to
Safety Harbor FL in 1913.
notes: slightly susceptible to scab fungus and xyloporosis

variety: Tangerona
category: tangor
hardiness: sensitive
season: Sep Oct
size: small
shape: roundish oblate
color: yellow-orange
rind: tight
flavor: (reportedly) excellent
seeds: many
history: from Brazil to FL circa 1890

variety: Temple
category: probably a tangor (parents unknown)
hardiness: tender
tree: spreading, bushy, somewhat thorny
leaves: medium size
season: Jan Feb Mar Apr
holds: fair
size: medium-large, diam. 2.5 to 3.25, height 2.25 to 2.5
shape: oblate to spherical
color: orange to red-orange
surface: slightly pebbled or rugose
rind: medium thick, 1/8 to 3/16, loose and peelable, leathery
oil glands: spherical to elliptical
segments: 10 to 12
pulp: tender, melting, orange
vesicles: medium size, fusiform
flavor: rich and spicy
seeds: average 20, medium, plump
history: originated in Winter Park FL, distrib Buckeye Nurseries 1917
notes: somewhat susceptible to scab

variety: Umatilla
category: tangor (Owari Satsuma x Ruby orange)
season: late
size: large
color: red-orange
surface: smooth
history: bred by W T Swingle in 1911, released in 1931
notes: good quality; fruit is size and shape of King

+--------------+
| bibliography |
+--------------+

Hume, H. Harold; Citrus fruits and their culture; 1904
Jackson, Larry K.; Citrus growing in Florida; 3rd edition, University
of Florida Press, 1991
Sturrock, David; Fruits for southern Florida; Southeastern Printing Co, 1959
Webber & Batchelor, editors; The citrus industry -- history, botany and
breeding; University of California, 1943

*/ end of file /*





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