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["Lynda" <lurine AT softcom.net>]

Yupe, Wiyot.  And the treaties state "sovereign."  Which actually means 
"unless we change our mind and discover oil or minerals or ???? on your 
land, EVEN if you bought it with your own money!

The Osage were not conquered.  They saw the writing on the wall, sold their 
land on the East Coast and BOUGHT land in Oklahoma.  Let me repeat, BOUGHT 
with their own money, NOT government money, their own land in Oklahoma.  The 
Osage were the richest folks in the U.S. in the early 1900s.  RICHEST.  Not 
the Rockefellers, not Getty, not Ford, not Vanderbilts, not the Morgans. 
Nope, per capita, the Osage were the richest folks in the country.  The NY 
Times even wrote an article on them at the time.

This "sovereign" nation that was NOT conquered had the feds go in and 
appoint "legal guardians" for these folks because, after all, this ignorant 
heathens couldn't possible control their own wealth.  I mean, somehow these 
"ignorant heathens" had managed to become the richest folks around.  Folks 
who had several cars and where each family had at least one limo.  Folks who 
ALL lived in mansions.  All without any "help" from the feds.

So, the legal guardians had themselves made heirs to the folks they were 
guardians of.  These 100% white bread folks had themselves made members of 
the tribe.  These lawyers and other political appointees then determined 
that the Osage shouldn't have all that land they bought because they were 
"ignorant" and "drunken Indians" and couldn't manage it and it should be 
sold off.  So the land was chopped up and the richest oil land was sold off. 
The folks who had guardians appointed for them started dying off.  About 27 
died before there was a big enough stink for it all to stop.  Well, sort of. 
Even with petitions to the government, the FBI refused to come in and 
investigate UNLESS the Osage PAID them to do so.  The ONLY time in the 
history of this nation that the FBI has demanded to be paid before they 
would investigate.  AND, the U.S. government has refused to remove anyone 
from the tribal roll that is proven to not be of Osage descent!  After all, 
ya don't want to have the government define some white guy of Indian money!

So, no, sovereign nations within the boundaries of the U.S. are not 
sovereign unless it is convenient for the government.  And, no, it has 
nothing to do with being conquered or not conquered.  My tribe was never 
"conquered," we were rounded up and kept in cattle pens "for our own good" 
so that no more white men would creep in at night and massacre anymore 
women, children and the elderly.

There are over 500 distinct nations within the U.S. boundaries.  The U.S. 
didn't conquer all those nations.  In fact, they "conquered" very few!

Lynda
----- Original Message ----- 
From: <rayzentz AT aim.com>


> Lynda, are you amerind?   If so, with what tribe are you affiliated?
> Just curiosity on my part.   I have spent several years of my teaching
> career on various reservations in the north central continental US.
>
> Also, while this is not politically correct, there is a difference
> between "sovereign", and "conquered".   If a conquered nation is
> allowed by it's conquerer to have some sovereignty, well, that's all
> good.   That "sovereignty" does have limits, however, otherwise there
> would be no need for the adjective "conquered".
>
> Now, you can argue the right or wrongness of that original "conquering
> process" all you want, but it doesn't change the basis of "what is".
>
> Incidentally, I don't use the term "native american" to describe
> descendants of indigenous peoples, because I am a native american.   I
> was born here, as were a lot of my ancestors going back many. many
> generations.
>
>
> Ray
>
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Lynda <lurine AT softcom.net>
>
>
> Used to be?  Ah, ask any Indian Nation if the U.S. has a clue what
> sovereign
> means!  Maybe folks are going to start feeling like some of the rest of
> us
> have felt about the whole sovereign thing.
>
> Lynda
>
>
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