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  • From: Shoshanna Walker <rosewalk AT concentric.net>
  • To: if AT math.bu.edu
  • Cc: b-hebrew AT lists.ibiblio.org
  • Subject: Re: [b-hebrew] Zech 1:19,21
  • Date: Tue, 10 Apr 2007 20:25:37 -0400

You don't have to think, it is known.

The four horns represent the four kingdoms - Babylonia, Persia/Medea, Greece, Rome, - that would persecute Israel, until the final Maschiach; the four carpenters are the successive conquerers who would conquer these kingdoms. The fourth and final conquerer will be Mashiach.

Shoshanna



Steve,

I think that MAH ELEH BAIM LAASOT of Zechariah 2:4 (in the HB) refers
to the XARASHIM, the metal or wood cutters, who are destined to come
(VAYABOU ELEH) to rock loose (LeHAXARID), then cast away (LeYADOT)
the battering horns of the war machines brought to bear upon Israel.

Isaac Fried, Boston University

On Apr 9, 2007, at 6:51 PM, Steve Miller wrote:

Zech 1:19 (2:2 MT) last phrase ñ ìscattered Judah, Israel and
Jerusalem.î

ʉ¯Âà ý™‘È¿”ÂÓ»” ý™‘ÈŸ˜"¿¯»ý‰Ï ŸȯÂØ-»Ï»ÕÌ"

1) There is no ìandî prefix in front of Israel. Without the
ìandî in
front of Israel, does this mean Israel is not another element in
the list,
but is in apposition to ìJudahî?



2) Is there any significance that ìetî, which points to the direct
object, precedes Judah and Israel, but not Jerusalem?



Zech 1:21 (2:4 MT) end phrase ìthese are come to affright them, to
cast out
the horns of the nations that lifted up a horn over the land of
Judah to
scatter it.î

«Èû·ŠýÂà ý‰ÏД Ï¿”«Á¬¯ŸÈ“ ýŠ™»Ì Ï¿È«“ʙ ý™‘—«¯¿•ŠÂ™ ”«’ÊÂȟÌ



1)Note that there is no ìandî before the infinitive form of the verb
ìyadahî. In the above translation: ìto cast out the horns of the
nationsî is
in apposition to ìto affright themî. But that doesnít make sense
because
these are 2 different actions. When an infinitive verb follows the
causative verb ìmake them afraidî, the meaning, everywhere I can
find, is to
ìto make them afraid to do xxxxxxxî. So in this case, I think it
should be
partially translated, ìthese are come to make them extremely afraid to
ëyadahí the horns of the nations.î (1 Sam 21:1; Exo 3:6;34:30; Num
12:8).
Does this make sense?



2) The verb ìyadahî is the root of the name Judah, which appears
twice in
this verse. The verb is very common in the hiphil, where it means
ìpraiseî,
ìgive thanksî, or ìconfessî. The verb appears only once in the
Qal, where
it is translated ìshoot atî in Jer 50:14. That seems like a very
different
meaning than the Hiphil. It appears 2 times in the Piel: once here
in Zech
1:21, and the other place is Lam 3:53, where it is translated
ìcastî as in
ìcast a stone upon meî.
I would like to translate ìyadahî here in Zech 1:21 as ìpraiseî, or
ìexaltî,
so that the phrase would say, ìThese are come to make them [the
nations]
afraid of exalting the horns of the nations that lifted up Öî. Is this
permissible?


Thank you.





-Steve Miller

Detroit

www.voiceInWilderness.info

Beloved, do not believe every spirit, but prove the spirits whether
they are
of God,

because many false prophets have gone out into the world. (1 John 4:1)



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