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  • From: Shoshanna Walker <rosewalk AT concentric.net>
  • To: b-hebrew AT lists.ibiblio.org
  • Subject: Re: [b-hebrew] virginity
  • Date: Wed, 18 Jul 2007 19:58:21 -0400


Dear Harold, you are oversimplifying things, and you are inserting your own ideas about morality into the Torah, which is talking about something completely different.

It is not a moral passage, it is a halachic and LEGAL passage, and in order to understand it - you have to know Halacha, ie; ORAL TORAH.

There are two stages in Jewish marriage - Kiddushin and Nesuin. Kiddushin is effected when the groom gives his bride a ring or something else of value, and makes a declaration that, nowadays is recited under the chuppa. It is a legal transaction, but there is not a good English translation, so it is sometimes called "betrothal" but betrothal does not indicate properly that Kiddushin establishes a stronger and more legal obligation than an "engagement". After Kiddushin, the couple is halachically married, and the bride is subject to the death penalty for adultery - even BEFORE Nesuin, after which the couple may cohabit.

In this passage, the husband accuses his new wife of not being a virgin - ie; that SHE HAD COHABITED WITH ANOTHER MAN AFTER KIDDUSHIN.

If adultery CANNOT be proven, EVEN IF IT WERE TRUE THAT SHE WAS NOT A VIRGIN AT THE TIME OF KIDDUSHIN, she is not subject to any punishment by the court, BECAUSE SHE WAS PERMITTED TO COHABIT WITH A MAN BEFORE KIDDUSHIN, ie; when she was NOT legally married to anyone.

Even so, however, she would not be entitled to collect the divorce settlement stipulated in her marriage document, because she falsely misrepresented herself.

THE SUBJECT OF THIS PASSAGE IS A HUSBAND WHO COMES TO HATE HIS NEW WIFE AND TRIES TO VOID THE KETUBA BY WANTONLY ACCUSING HER OF ADULTERY (and thereby he violates the prohibition of "Motzei Shem Ra" - defamation)

Deut 22: 23-24 and 28-29 - "meOrasha" "Orasha" ("BETROTHED") - same issue as above. Proof that this is not talking about a "virgin" is that the text says "Betula meOrasha" - a maiden (assumed to be a virgin) who is BETROTHED - ie; LEGALLY BOUND TO A MAN (ie; not just a simple "virgin")

Verse 21 is proof that this is talking about a woman who is accused of adultery - "Asta Nevala" - (committed adultery) and not the modern morality of a woman who is not a virgin - remember a woman was ALLOWED to be concubines, ie; living with a man and not married to him - and there is no stigma or legal punishment against her - as I said, a woman is only liable for one of the forbidden sexual relationships outlined by the Torah, and single unmarried woman having sexual relationship with a man not her father, brother, or a woman, or an animal, is fine.

In verses 28 - 29, the man who has cohabited with a BETROTHED woman has to marry her, because SHE WOULD THEN NO LONGER (after sex with another man) BE ALLOWED TO COHABIT WITH HER HUSBAND, IE; THE MAN SHE WAS BETROTHED TO.

Lev. 21:14 is an ENTIRELY different matter - it is about the special rules for a Kohen, who has to maintain a higher degree of purity, therefore he cannot marry any woman who had been married to, ie; had sexual relations, with anyone else.

Shoshanna



HH: It is a moral issue in the passage that we
have been discussing,
Deut 22:13-21. This is the main passage on the
subject. It is talking
about a moral issue, that of sexual purity. The
idea is that men wanted
pure wives, not women that other men had possessed
sexually. Virginity
is also a moral issue in other biblical laws: Deut
22:23-24, Deut
22:28-29. There is an implied moral element in Lev
21:14. The issue of
virginity probably lies behind the words in Song
of Solomon 8:8-10. One
of the Shulamite's attractions for Solomon was the
purity of her virginity.

Yours,
Harold Holmyard


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