permaculture

[Carl DuPoldt <cdupoldt@yahoo.com>]

The Global Water Crisis: Conflict & Cooperation
Monday, November 8, 2010 - Villanova University Connelly Center

Water, Conflict & Cooperation, 1:30-2:45 p.m., Villanova Room

Not a Drop to Drink: Water & Public Health, 3-4:15 p.m., Radnor/St. David's 
Rooms

Water for Sale: Measuring the Cost, 3-4:15 p.m., Villanova Room

Water & Technology: Preventing and Mitigating Conflict, 4:30-5:45 p.m., 
Radnor/St. David's Rooms

Water, War, Conflict & Law, 4:30-5:45 p.m., Villanova Room

Evening Plenary

Haiti: Let's Get It Right

Ken Hackett, President, Catholic Relief Services
7:30-9 p.m., Villanova Room

All Sessions Free and Open to the Public - For List of Presenters, See 
Attached

Special Pre-session: "Career Choices in Engineering: International 
Development, Humanitarian Engineering & Peacebuilding
Sunday, November 7, 7:30-8:45 p.m., Center for Engineering Education & 
Research, Rm. 001 - also free & open to the public


Robert G. Traver, Ph.D., PE, D.WRE
Professor & Director,
Villanova Center for the Advancement of Sustainability in Engineering
Villanova Urban Stormwater Partnership
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Villanova University
610-519-7899
www.homepage.villanova.edu/robert.traver/
www.villanova.edu/vusp



      
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VILLANOVA UNIVERSITY - CENTER FOR ADVANCEMENT OF SUSTANAIBILITY IN 
ENGINEERING (VCASE)
presents


Peter Jaffe, Ph.D., Professor
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Princeton University

OCTOBER 29, 2010 - CEER, ROOM 205 - 12:30-1:30 PM

Biogeochemical Processes in Wetland Sediments and their Effect on the Fate of 
Trace Metals
Natural and engineered wetlands can sequester inorganic pollutants and 
transform organic pollutants 
as well as nutrients from surface runoff and
groundwater discharge, thereby maintaining and improving the quality of 
surface water systems.
The interactions between sediment biogeochemistry processes and higher plants 
play a major role
on trace metal mobility in wetlands. Most wetland sediments are characterized 
by steep redox
gradients, resulting from the sequential utilization of different electron 
acceptors during the
degradation of organic matter provided by leaf litter and root turnover. 
Metals in wetland
sediments may be immobilized due to precipitation or adsorption to different 
organic and
inorganic sediment constituents. Adsorption onto iron, and manganese oxides, 
are important in
the rhizosphere where iron oxyhydroxide plaques may form on the surface of 
roots. As the
sediments becomes more reduced, bioavailable iron and manganese oxides are 
used as electron
acceptor and are gradually depleted, resulting in the mobilization of some 
adsorbed species (i.e.,
As(V), phosphate, etc.), the reduction of some trace metals such as Cr(VI) 
(which is then
immobilized as Cr(III)), and for more reduced conditions the immobilization 
of trace metals (i.e.,
Cd, Pb, Zn) as sulfides.
Results from numerical simulations, laboratory experiments, and field 
measurements will be
presented, showing how trace-metal immobilization in wetlands responds to 
external forcing
functions such as changes in nutrient loading, plant distribution, seasonal 
and diurnal plant
activity (specifically evapotranspiration and oxygen release), and temporal 
or spatial changes in
the profile of iron and manganese oxides. A thorough understanding of these 
interactions can aid
in the design and management of riparian and estuarine wetlands in order to 
improve water
quality by intercepting discharges from contaminated groundwater or 
sequestering pollutants
from surface waters.


Rob Traver
Professor & Director,
Villanova Center for the Advancement of Sustainability in Engineering
Villanova Urban Stormwater Partnership
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Villanova University 610-519-7899



      
>From april@permaculturevisions.com  Sat Oct 23 08:13:20 2010
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        Issue 23 Insulation R and N factors
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      R-Factor and N-Factor

Recently one of our excellent students (now graduate), *Phillip R. 
(Cloudpiler) Landis of */*Missouri*/*USA *wrote: /"Our climate is a 
study in extremes. ... I have learned a great deal about the difference 
between R-Factor and N-Factor. R-Factor is insulative value -- the 
amount of environment you can isolate yourself from. When it's cold out, 
you want that cold to stay out. Likewise when it's hot. No insulation 
does a very effective job here, unless you build without windows and 
doors, which is unlikely. Infiltration conquers insulation. N-Factor 
measures the thermal flywheel effect, i.e., the manner in which the 
building behaves relative to outside and inside temperature. If the wall 
is built with such materials as to take all night long for the heat 
stored in the house to penetrate to the center of the wall, then when 
the sun rises and shines on the outside wall, the heat from the house 
stops in its progress, and the wall heats up from the outside because of 
the solar gain. Conversely, in the summer, if the house is cool, and it 
takes half the day for the heat from the pounding summer sun to reach 
the center of the wall, then when the sun goes down, the wall cools 
because its stored heat turns around and seeks the cooler air 
temperature outside. This is the thermal flywheel. It defeats insulative 
values in spades. This is what my ancestors learned, and what their more 
civilized conquerors are slowly coming to realize. I build with Cob, 
Strawbale, and Double-wall Earthblock because I can use the building 
materials available either right on my own place or very nearby. The 
material is the Earth. Every bit of it is reducing my consumerism."/

April S-Kelly PermacultureVisions.com