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nafex - Re: [NAFEX] sports and mutations, more

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  • From: rob hamilton <lostman_amiga@yahoo.com>
  • To: North American Fruit Explorers <nafex@lists.ibiblio.org>
  • Subject: Re: [NAFEX] sports and mutations, more
  • Date: Sun, 20 Mar 2005 19:46:11 -0800 (PST)

Can anyone suggest some book that go into this in more
detail?

--- "Lon J. Rombough" <lonrom@hevanet.com> wrote:

> Heron:
> Where did THIS come from? You've asked something
> that would take a
> small book to answer.
> Here are a FEW points just to get the ball rolling.
> 1. Some "adventitious" buds are really very old
> buds buried deep in
> the wood. Laid down when the tree is young, they
> usually don't push
> unless something very drastic happens to the tree.
> These are the ones
> that produce sports most often as the older the bud,
> the more likely it
> has been hit by radiation, etc. during it's
> existence, causing a
> mutation. A great number of bud sports of Red
> Delicious trace back to
> a severe winter in Washington in the 1950's that
> froze back many trees,
> causing old buds to push from deep inside the wood.
> 2. True adventitious buds arise from
> undifferentiated (callus} tissue,
> usually from near a wound.
> 3. Many plants have different layers of tissue that
> are actually
> genetically different. In old types of thornless
> blackberries, only
> the surface layer was genetically thornless, the
> internal tissues were
> thorny. Cut a root and a new shoot would push from
> an internal layer
> of tissue that was genetically thorny, giving rise
> to a thorny shoot.
> Use "Chimeras in plants" in a search engine and you
> should find more
> about this.
> 4. In seedling trees, most trees go through a
> juvenile stage in which
> they may actually be different in appearance from
> the adult stage. As
> the tree grows it becomes mature, but the juvenile
> stage is still
> there. Case in point, many Eucalyptus trees have a
> juvenile stage with
> round leaves, but develop leaves of other shapes as
> they mature. But
> cut the tree down to the height at which it was
> still juvenile and the
> new shoots will be juvenile for a while, having to
> grow back out of it.
> 5. Cut a tree root and force a shoot from it and
> the shoot will often
> be juvenile and have to grow up just like a
> seedling, to get to the
> mature phase all over. One good thing is that
> cuttings from juvenile
> trees can usually be rooted more easily than ones
> from mature trees.
> This has been used to propagate trees from cuttings
> that usually don't
> work that way. Layer a mature shoot to get it on
> it's own roots. Grow
> it until you can get root cuttings from it and grow
> juvenile phase
> trees from those roots. Take cuttings of the
> juvenile phase trees and
> root them.
>
> End of lecture for now.
> Someone else can add other stuff.
> -Lon Rombough
> Grapes, writing, consulting, my book, The Grape
> Grower, at
> http://www.bunchgrapes.com Winner of the Garden
> Writers Association
> "Best Talent in Writing" award for 2003.
> On Mar 20, 2005, at 5:59 PM, Heron Breen wrote:
>
> Okay, maybe not news to some, but interesting to me,
> so I thought I
> would write in:
> Terminal Buds (end of shoot wood bud) and Axillary
> buds (bud situated
> in area where
> leaf stem meets the shoot or branch) are both
> connected to the pithe of
> a Tree
> vascular system. An Adventitous bud (bud arising
> "randomly" from areas
> on older
> parts of the Tree and not accompanied by a leaf) is
> NOT connected to
> the pithe.
> This seems to make intuitive sense to me, as the
> pithe represents the
> conglomerated
> metabolic history of a tree, and any bud arising
> from this layer would
> seem natural
> to continue this expression. Meanwhile, the
> adventitous buds are the
> ones usual
> responsible for mutations, ie sports etc, and are
> arising from where?
> Is it still
> in contact with the phloem? Arising from previous
> years' growth layers?
> With roots, I see the term adventitous shoots/buds
> being used in
> relation to root
> cuttings or suckers. These shoots/buds originate in
> the pericycle and
> vascular ray
> tissue, and a few other areas I can't spell. I
> haven't been able to
> track down the
> area(s) in the tissue above the root collar that
> adventitous buds arise
> from. Does
> the word phellogen mean anything to folks?
> Another curious query: does the meristem activity in
> the three types of
> buds
> mentioned above differ?
> I LOVE the "scientific" use of the word "arise" in
> relation to celluar
> activity.
> Reminds me of the certain religious writings...
> Thanks for any and all feedback, just trying to fill
> in the cracks,
> Heron Breen
> maine, zone 4
>
>
>
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