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  • From: Suzi Teghtmeyer <srt175f@smsu.edu>
  • To: nafex@lists.ibiblio.org
  • Subject: [NAFEX] RE: auxin use in grafting
  • Date: Mon, 17 Feb 2003 12:46:05 -0600

MRK,
I did a quick (note 'quick') search in some of my databases and found 9 titles. I searched for keywords 'auxin' and 'grafting'.
----Suzi

Database: AGRICOLA, ArticleFirst, BioAgIndex
Query: kw: auxin and kw: grafting

Author(s): Morris, S.E. ; Turnbull, C.G.N. ; Murfet, I.C. ;
Beveridge, C.A.
Title: Mutational analysis of branching in pea. Evidence
that Rms1 and Rms5 regulate the same novel signal.
Source: Plant physiology. 126, no. 3 (July 2001): p.
1205-1213.
Additional Info: Rockville, MD : American
Society of Plant Physiologists, 1926- Publishing Agencies: US Imprint,
not USDA
Standard No: ISSN: 0032-0889
Language: English
Abstract: The fifth increased branching ramosus (rms)
mutant, rms5, from pea (Pisum sativum), is described here for phenotype
and grafting responses with four other rms mutants. Xylem sap zeatin
riboside concentration and shoot auxin levels in rms5 plants have also
been compared with rms1 and wild type (WT). Rms1 and Rms5 appear to act
closely at the biochemical or cellular level to control branching,
because branching was inhibited in reciprocal epicotyl grafts between
rms5 or rms1 and WT plants, but not inhibited in reciprocal grafts
between rms5 and rms1 seedlings. The weakly transgressive or slightly
additive phenotype of the rms1 rms5 double mutant provides further
evidence for this interaction. Like rms1, rms5 rootstocks have reduced
xylem sap cytokinin concentrations, and rms5 shoots do not appear
deficient in indole-3-acetic acid or 4-chloroindole-3-acetic acid. Rms1
and Rms5 are similar in their interaction with other Rms genes.
Reciprocal grafting studies with rms1, rms2, and rms5, together with
the fact that root xylem sap cytokinin concentrations are reduced in
rms1 and rms5 and elevated in rms2 plants, indicates that Rms1 and Rms5
may control a different pathway than that controlled by Rms2. Our
studies indicate that Rms1 and Rms5 may regulate a novel
graft-transmissible signal involved in the control of branching.
Class Descriptors: NAL: 450 P692
SUBJECT(S)
Identifier: Pisum sativum.
Mutations.
Branching.
Biochemical pathways.
Genotypes.
Grafting.
Mutants.
Xylem.
Sap.
Zeatin riboside.
Plant composition.
Auxins.

Database: AGRICOLA

------------------------------------------------------------------------

Author(s): Foo, E. ; Turnbull, C.G.N. ; Beveridge, C.A.
Title: Long-distance signaling and the control of
branching in the rms1 mutant of pea.
Source: Plant physiology. 126, no. 1 (May 2001): p.
203-209.
Additional Info: Rockville, MD : American
Society of Plant Physiologists, 1926- Publishing Agencies: US Imprint,
not USDA
Standard No: ISSN: 0032-0889
Language: English
Abstract: The ramosus (rms) mutation (rms1) of pea (Pisum
sativum) causes increased branching through modification of
graft-transmissible signal(s) produced in rootstock and shoot.
Additional grafting techniques have led us to propose that the novel
signal regulated by Rms1 moves acropetally in shoots and acts as a
branching inhibitor. Epicotyl interstock grafts showed that wild-type
(WT) epicotyls grafted between rms1 scions and rootstocks can revert
mutant scions to a WT non-branching phenotype. Mutant scions grafted
together with mutant and WT rootstocks did not branch despite a
contiguous mutant root-shoot system. The primary action of Rms1 is,
therefore, unlikely to be to block transport of a branching stimulus
from root to shoot. Rather, Rms1 may influence a long-distance signal
that functions, directly or indirectly, as a branching inhibitor. It
can be deduced that this signal moves acropetally in shoots because WT
rootstocks inhibit branching in rms1 shoots, and although WT scions do
not branch when grafted to mutant rootstocks, they do not inhibit
branching in rms1 cotyledonary shoots growing from the same rootstocks.
The acropetal direction of transport of the Rms1 signal supports
previous evidence that the rms1 lesion is not in an auxin biosynthesis
or transport pathway. The different branching phenotypes of WT and rms1
shoots growing from the same rms1 rootstock provides further evidence
that the shoot has a major role in the regulation of branching and,
moreover, that root-exported cytokinin is not the only
graft-transmissible signal regulating branching in intact pea plants.
Class Descriptors: NAL: 450 P692
SUBJECT(S)
Identifier: Pisum sativum.
Apical dominance.
Shoots.
Roots.
Growth.
Plant morphology.
Branching.
Genetic regulation.
Signals.
Mutants.
Genetic variation.
Database: AGRICOLA

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Author(s): Beveridge, C.A.
Title: Long-distance signalling and a mutational analysis
of branching in pea.
Source: Plant growth regulation. 32, no. 2/3 (Nov 2000):
p. 193-203.
Additional Info: Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic
Publishers. Publishing Agencies: Non-US Imprint, not FAO
Standard No: ISSN: 0167-6903
Language: English
Abstract: Four ramosus mutants with increased branching at
basal and aerial nodes have been used to investigate the genetic
regulation of bud outgrowth in Pisum sativum L. (garden pea). Studies
of long-distance signalling, xylem sap cytokinin concentrations, shoot
auxin level, auxin transport and auxin response are discussed. A model
of branching control is presented that encompasses two
graft-transmissible signals in addition to auxin and cytokinin. Mutants
rms1 through rms4 are not deficient in indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) or in
the basipetal transport of this hormone. Three of the four mutants,
rms1, rms3 and rms4, have very reduced cytokinin concentrations in
xylem sap from roots. This reduction in xylem sap cytokinin
concentration appears to be caused by a property of the shoot and may
be part of a feedback mechanism induced by an aspect of bud outgrowth.
The shoot-to-root feedback signal is unlikely to be auxin itself, as
auxin levels and transport are not correlated with xylem sap cytokinin
concentrations in various intact and grafted mutant and wild-type
plants. Rms1 and Rms2 act in shoot and rootstock to regulate the level
or transport of graft-transmissible signals. Various grafting studies
and double mutant analyses have associated Rms2 with the regulation of
the shoot-to-root feedback signal. Rms1 is associated with a second
unknown graft-transmissible signal that is postulated to move in the
direction of root-to-shoot. Exogenous auxin appears to interact with
both of the signals regulated by Rms1 and Rms2 in the inhibition of
branching after decapitation. The action of Rms3 and Rms4 is less
apparent at this stage, although both appear to act largely in the
shoot.
Class Descriptors: NAL: QK745.P56
SUBJECT(S)
Identifier: Ramosus mutants
Pisum sativum.
Shoots.
Roots.
Apical dominance.
Branching.
Buds.
Leaves.
Growth.
Regulation.
Signals.
Auxins.
Cytokinins.
Mutants.
Genotypes.
Genetic variation.
Literature reviews.
Database: AGRICOLA

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Author(s): House, S. ; Dieters, M. ; Johnson, M. ; Haines, R.
Title: Inhibition of orthotropic replacement shoots with
auxin treatment on decapitated hoop pine, Araucaria cunninghamii, for
seed orchard management.
Source: New forests. 16, no. 3 (Nov 1998): p. 221-230.
Additional Info: Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic
Publishers. Publishing Agencies: Non-US Imprint, not FAO
Standard No: ISSN: 0169-4286
Language: English
Abstract: Seed production in orchards of Araucaria
cunninghamii involves grafting plagiotropic scions (using a
terminal-side graft) which exhibit a lateral growth habit onto
decapitated stock trees. Decapitation effectively releases buds in the
leaf axils of the stock plant from apical dominance and orthotropic
replacement shoots develop rapidly. To prevent suppression of the
grafted scion, frequent removal of orthotropic shoots is necessary. The
trial application of several plant auxins at different concentrations
to decapitated stock plants identified a suitable technique to simulate
apical dominance and temporarily suppress the production of replacement
shoots. The synthetic auxin IBA most effectively controlled the
production and growth rate of replacement shoots with the least amount
of damage to the treated tissues. Auxin application apparently enhanced
the growth of lateral branches in the whorl immediately below the
treated stem, suggesting that grafted scions would not be adversely
affected by auxin treatment. Routine application of auxin to
plagiotropic grafts will reduce maintenance costs in seed orchards and
clone banks of A. cunninghamii.
Class Descriptors: NAL: SD409.N48
SUBJECT(S)
Identifier: Plagiotropic branches; Lateral branches
Araucaria cunninghamii.
Seed orchards.
Shoots.
Iaa.
Iba.
Seed production.
Branches.
Grafting.
Queensland.
Database: AGRICOLA

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Author(s): Beveridge, C.A. ; Symons, G.M. ; Murfet, I.C. ;
Ross, J.J. ; Rameau, C.
Title: The rms1 mutant of pea has elevated
indole-3-acetic acid levels and reduced root-sap zeatin riboside
content but increased branching controlled by graft-transmissible
signal(s).
Source: Plant physiology. 115, no. 3 (Nov 1997): p.
1251-1258.
Additional Info: Rockville, MD : American
Society of Plant Physiologists, 1926- Publishing Agencies: US Imprint,
not USDA
Standard No: ISSN: 0032-0889
Language: English
Abstract: Rms1 is one of the series of five ramosus loci in
pea (Pisum sativum L.) in which recessive mutant alleles confer
increased branching at basal and aerial vegetative nodes. Shoots of the
nonallelic rms1 and rms2 mutants are phenotypically similar in most
respects. However, we found an up to 40-fold difference in root-sap
zeatin riboside ([9R]Z) concentration between rms1 and rms2 plants.
Compared with wild-type (WT) plants, the concentration of [9R]Z in rms1
root sap was very low and the concentration in rms2 root sap was
slightly elevated. To our knowledge, the rms1 mutant is therefore the
second ramosus mutant (rms4 being the first) to be characterized with
low root-sap [9R]Z content. Like rms2, the apical bud and upper nodes
of rms1 plants contain elevated indole-3-acetic acid levels compared
with WT shoots. Therefore, the rms1 mutant demonstrates that high shoot
auxin levels and low root-sap cytokinin levels are not necessarily
correlated with increased apical dominance in pea. A
grain-transmissible basis of action has been demonstrated for both
mutants from reciprocal grains between mutant and WT plants. Branching
was also largely inhibited in rms1 shoots when grafted to rms2
rootstocks, but was not inhibited in rms2 shoots grafted to rms1
rootstocks. These grafting results are discussed, along with the
conclusion that hormone-like signals other than auxin and cytokinin are
also involved.
Class Descriptors: NAL: 450 P692
SUBJECT(S)
Identifier: Pisum sativum.
Roots.
Sap.
Buds.
Plant composition.
Zeatin riboside.
Iaa.
Quantitative analysis.
Shoots.
Apical dominance.
Branching.
Genetic regulation.
Grafting.
Rootstocks.
Signals.
Mutants.
Wild strains.
Genetic variation.
Loci.
Alleles.
Phenotypes.
Database: AGRICOLA

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Author(s): Meilan, R.
Title: Floral induction in woody angiosperms.
Source: New forests. 14, no. 3 (Nov 1997): p. 179-202.
Additional Info: Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic
Publishers. Publishing Agencies: Non-US Imprint, not FAO
Standard No: ISSN: 0169-4286
Language: English
Abstract: The long juvenile period of trees is a severe
impediment to study of reproductive biology and genetic inheritance,
and is a serious constraint for traditional breeding programs. Very
little effort has been directed toward the development of practical
methods for inducing early flowering in most woody angiosperms,
particularly members of the genus Populus. This review is intended to
stimulate interest in, and provide direction for, future research in
this area. An emphasis is placed on techniques that can be applied
easily and inexpensively. Inductive treatments discussed include:
phytohormones (gibberellins, cytokinins, abscisic acid, ethylene and
auxin); growth retardants (paclobutrazol, uniconazole, daminozide,
chlormequat and cimecthacarb); physical constraints (girdling, root
restriction and shoot training); cultural conditions (photoperiod,
mineral nutrition, moisture stress and temperature); and grafting.
Recent reports on stimulation of flowering by genetic transformation
with floral homeotic genes are also described. Several research avenues
which appear promising are proposed for near-term study.
Class Descriptors: NAL: SD409.N48
SUBJECT(S)
Identifier: Cimecthacarb
Dicotyledons.
Flowering.
Induction.
Genetic improvement.
Breeding programs.
Juvenility.
Populus.
Gibberellins.
Cytokinins.
Abscisic acid.
Ethylene.
Auxins.
Paclobutrazol.
Uniconazole.
Daminozide.
Chlormequat.
Growth retardants.
Girdling.
Roots.
Space requirements.
Shoots.
Photoperiod.
Mineral nutrition.
Water stress.
Temperature.
Grafting.
Literature reviews.
Accession No: IND20630818
Database: AGRICOLA

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Author(s): Samuelson, A.I. ; Rickson, F.R. ; Mok, D.W.S. ;
Mok, M.C.
Title: A temperature-dependent morphological mutant of
tobacco.
Source: Planta. 201, no. 3 (1997): p. 303-310.
Additional Info: Berlin ; New York :
Springer-Verlag, 1925- Publishing Agencies: Non-US Imprint, not FAO
Standard No: ISSN: 0032-0935
Language: English
Abstract: A recessive temperature dependent shooty mutant
(tds) of Nicotiana tabacum L. (W38) is described. The mutant phenotype
is expressed at low temperature (21 degrees C). Mutant characteristics
include thick, narrow leaves with abnormal mesophyll cells, short
internodes, and near absence of apical dominance. Most plants remain
vegetative and the occasional flower has petaloid stamens. High
temperature (30 degrees C) reverses the mutant phenotype, with
formation of normal leaves and restoration of apical dominance.
However, many flowers still have petaloid stamens. Reciprocal grafting
and auxin-cytokinin interaction experiments do not suggest shifts in
auxin-cytokinin balance. Overall this mutant bears some resemblance to
transgenic tobacco overexpressing homeodomain genes from maize and
Arabidopsis.
Class Descriptors: NAL: 450 P693
SUBJECT(S)
Identifier: Tds mutant
Nicotiana tabacum.
Phenotypes.
Air temperature.
Leaves.
Mesophyll.
Internodes.
Apical dominance.
Vegetative period.
Flowers.
Stamens.
Pleiotropy.
Mutants.
Auxins.
Cytokinins.
Transgenic plants.
Plasmid vectors.
Oxidoreductases.
Shoots.
Histology.
Genetic transformation.
Plant morphology.
Database: AGRICOLA

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Author(s): Napoli, C.
Title: Highly branched phenotype of the petunia dad1-1
mutant is reversed by grafting.
Source: Plant physiology. 111, no. 1 (May 1996): p. 27-37.
Additional Info: Rockville, MD : American
Society of Plant Physiologists, 1926- Publishing Agencies: US Imprint,
not USDA
Standard No: ISSN: 0032-0889
Language: English
Abstract: The recessive dad1-1 allele conditions a highly
branched growth habit resulting from a proliferation of first- and
second-order branches. Unlike the wild-type parent, which has lateral
branching delayed until the third or fourth leaf node distal to the
cotyledons, dad1-1 initiates lateral branching from each cotyledon
axil. In addition to initiating lateral branching sooner than the wild
type, dad1-1 sustains branching through more nodes on the main shoot
axis than the wild type. In keeping with a propensity for branching at
basal nodes, dad1-1 produces second-order branches at the proximal-most
nodes on first-order branches and small shoots from accessory buds at
basal nodes on the main shoot axis. Additional traits associated with
the mutation are late flowering, adventitious root formation, shortened
internodes, and mild leaf chlorosis. Graft studies show that a dad1-1
scion, when grafted onto wild-type stock, is converted to a phenotype
resembling the wild type. Furthermore, a small wild-type interstock
fragment inserted between a mutant root stock and a mutant scion is
sufficient to convert the dad1-1 scion from mutant to a near wild-type
appearance. The recessive dad1-1 phenotype combines traits associated
with cytokinin overexpression, auxin overexpression, and gibberellin
limitation, which suggests a complex interaction of hormones in
establishing the mutant phenotype.
Class Descriptors: NAL: 450 P692
SUBJECT(S)
Identifier: Decreased apical dominance mutants
Petunia hybrida.
Mutants.
Apical dominance.
Branching.
Genetic regulation.
Alleles.
Recessive genes.
Gene expression.
Growth stages.
Auxins.
Grafting.
Phenotypes.
Genetic variation.
Plant morphology.
Stems.
Internodes.
Length.
Database: AGRICOLA

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Author(s): Glenn, D.M. ; Scorza, R.
Title: Reciprocal grafts of standard and dwarf peach
alter dry-matter partitioning and root physiology.
Source: HortScience. 27, no. 3 (Mar 1992): p. 241-243.
Additional Info: Alexandria, Va. : American
Society for Horticultural Science. Publishing Agencies: US Imprint, not
USDA
Standard No: ISSN: 0018-5345
Language: English
Abstract: In reciprocal grafts of tall ('Elberta' and
'Loring') and dwarf ('Empress' and 'Juseito') peach (Prunus persica
Batsch.) phenotypes, we measured dry-matter partitioning, resistance to
root system water flow, and phytohormone content of xylem exudate.
Scion characteristics determined the phenotype and growth
characteristics of the tree irrespective of the rootstock. Tall
phenotypes had higher dry weight and lower root resistance to water
flow than dwarf phenotypes. Cytokinin-like activity and auxin levels in
xylem sap were higher in dwarf than in tall phenotypes; whereas
gibberellin-like activity was unaffected by either rootstock or scion.
The scion of peach influenced phytohormone levels and resistance to
water flow in the root system in addition to root and shoot growth.
Class Descriptors: NAL: SB1.H6
SUBJECT(S)
Descriptor: Prunus persica
Rootstock scion relationships
Dwarf cultivars
Grafting
Plant height
Phenotypes
Root systems
Plant water relations
Source sink relations
Photosynthates
Dry matter accumulation
Database: AGRICOLA



  • [NAFEX] RE: auxin use in grafting, Suzi Teghtmeyer, 02/17/2003

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