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  • From: Isaac Fried <if AT math.bu.edu>
  • To: Pere Porta <pporta7 AT gmail.com>
  • Cc: b-hebrew AT lists.ibiblio.org
  • Subject: Re: [b-hebrew] why dagesh?
  • Date: Thu, 12 May 2011 08:36:07 -0400

The combination of the dagesh "lene" and the B K P letters bedevils the Hebrew language.
It is true that today Hebrew speakers may sometimes beneficially forfeit the "rules" of the dagesh "lene" to disconnect it from the hard/soft articulation and liberate themselves from exigencies yoke of the B K P letters. The best known example to this is the pair of words HI-T-XABER, 'connected himself', versus HI-T-XVER, 'associated himself', both from the root XBR.
Heh HA-$EELAH is almost completely out of favor in spoken Hebrew (except in quotes from the bible, such as the apt question HA-RACAX- TA V-GAM YARA$-TA? of 1Kings 21:19). It is punctuated usually (with exceptions) by a xatap-patax, and consequently with no following dagesh (in contrast with Heh HA-YDIAH punctuated with a patax, and therefore with a following dagesh). Yet I often hear the HA-FARX-AH HA-GEFEN of Cant. 6:11 being read HA-PARX-AH, with a hard P.
The letter B of the word MA-RBAD-IYM (MA-RVAD-IYM) of Proverbs 7:16 lacks a dagesh, and the question is why. I don't think it is because the NAQDANIYM "heard" it so.

Isaac Fried, Boston University

On May 12, 2011, at 1:58 AM, Pere Porta wrote:

There are some cases, Isaac, where a begadkefat lacks dagesh lene. This only means, methinks, that the consonant must be said/read soft:

-Kalvan, dog rearer (... not kalBan)
-Katvan, clerk (not KatBan)

These are mainly (or only?) job doers.

Regards

Pere Porta

2011/5/11 Isaac Fried <if AT math.bu.edu>
If you mean MA-XMAD-IY, then the dagesh in the D is after a patax as expected. In the word MA-RBAD-IYM ( in my opinion a variant of MA-RBAC-IYM) the D is with a dagesh after a patax, as expected, but the lack of a dagesh "lene" in the B is puzzling. I think that the lack of a dagesh implies that the NAKDANIYM deviated here from the reading of the earlier DAG$ANIYM.

Isaac Fried, Boston University

On May 11, 2011, at 10:25 AM, Pere Porta wrote:

There are nine MA- nouns which in their declension take a dagesh forte in
the last consonant of the stem.
They are:

MXMD, desire
MXMC, xxx
MXCB, hewing
MX$K, dark place -- Is 42:16
M+(M, savoury food
MMTQ, a sweet thing
MN(M, delicacy
MRBD, coverlet
M$)B, a drawing place of water

Which is the reason for this dagesh?

Pere Porta
(Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain)


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