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  • From: Isaac Fried <if AT math.bu.edu>
  • To: Randall Buth <randallbuth AT gmail.com>
  • Cc: Hebrew <b-hebrew AT lists.ibiblio.org>
  • Subject: Re: [b-hebrew] someone knows? HMT
  • Date: Mon, 25 Apr 2011 23:25:51 -0400

In Gen 19:19 the dagesh in VA-MATIY follows a patax, as expected, and in Ex. 1:16 the dagesh in VA-HA-MITEN follows a xirik, as expected. I did not look further. There is nothing there to "lengthen", to "shorten", to "open", to "close", to "juxtapose", or to "geminate".

It is true that some Hebrew speakers will say NAXAT-ETIY for 'I landed', or $ERAT-ETIY for 'I served', fearing that their interlocutor will miss their meaning, but most educated people will confidently say NAXATI, $ERATIY, with one T and with no "gemination" and no BATIYX.

A missing expected dagesh as in LI-DBAR of Ch. 16:37, or BI-LBAB of Jon. 2:4, means that the NAKDANIYM deviated from the reading tradition of the earlier DAG$ANIYM.

Isaac Fried, Boston University

On Apr 21, 2011, at 11:40 AM, Randall Buth wrote:

shalom Nir,
katavta:

whether this T-dagesh construction is general in the tanakh or
not, i cannot say as i have no access to heavy machinery. but one
should look for roots like
$T, NXT, (hifil: HYNXYT), KRT, (hifil: HYKhRYT), KFT,
KTT, (piel: KYTET), $TT, STT, (WT (hiil)
that end with T, in past tense, before
-TY (first person) or -TA/T (secnd sing) or -TEM/TEN (second plural)
and see whether the dagesh always appears and one T is dropped.
i think the answer is yes, and then euphony would be the only plausible
reason.>


You are basically correct, and checking this out is what anyone disputing
this
should have done along time ago.

Here are the references where a verb is found with a root
ending in 't' and with a suffix beginning with 't'. In all cases,
where the two 't' would come into phonetic juxtaposition,
only ONE taw is written. This does not make for interesting
reading. But it documents the data.

Gen. 19:19‏, ‎Ex. 1:16‏, ‎Ex. 5:5‏, ‎Ex. 23:31‏, ‎ Ex. 34:27‏, ‎Lev. 17:10‏,
‎Lev. 20:3‏, ‎Lev. 20:5‏, ‎Lev. 20:6‏, ‎Lev. 26:6‏, ‎Lev. 26:30‏ , ‎Num.
14:15‏, ‎Num. 17:6‏, ‎Num. 32:15‏, ‎Deut. 4:25‏, ‎ Deut. 20:20‏, ‎Deut. 31:16
‏, ‎Josh. 23:4‏, ‎1Sam. 15:3‏, ‎1Sam. 17:35‏, ‎2Sam. 1:16‏, ‎2Sam.
13:28‏, ‎2Sam.
14:30‏, ‎1Kings 9:7‏, ‎1Kings 14:10‏, ‎1Kings 21:21‏, ‎2Kings 9:8‏, ‎2Kings
17:38‏, ‎Is. 9:3‏, ‎Is. 13:11‏, ‎Is. 14:20‏, ‎Is. 14:22‏, ‎Is. 14:30‏, ‎Is.
16:10‏, ‎Is. 21:2‏, ‎Jer. 7:34‏, ‎Jer. 11:10‏, ‎Jer. 17:27‏, ‎Jer.
21:14‏, ‎Jer.
31:31‏, ‎Jer. 31:32‏, ‎Jer. 32:40‏, ‎Jer. 34:13‏, ‎ Jer. 43:12‏, ‎Jer. 48:33‏,
‎Jer. 48:35‏, ‎Jer. 49:27‏, ‎Jer. 49:37‏, ‎Jer. 50:32‏, ‎Jer. 51:20‏, ‎Ezek.
7:24‏, ‎Ezek. 12:23‏, ‎Ezek. 14:8‏, ‎Ezek. 14:13‏, ‎ Ezek. 14:17‏, ‎Ezek.
16:41‏, ‎Ezek. 21:8‏, ‎Ezek. 21:9‏, ‎Ezek. 23:27‏, ‎ Ezek. 23:48‏, ‎Ezek.
25:7‏, ‎Ezek. 25:13‏, ‎Ezek. 25:16‏, ‎Ezek. 26:13‏, ‎ Ezek. 28:8‏, ‎Ezek.
28:17‏, ‎Ezek. 29:8‏, ‎Ezek. 30:10‏, ‎Ezek. 30:13‏, ‎ Ezek. 30:15‏, ‎Ezek.
34:10‏, ‎Ezek. 34:25‏, ‎Ezek. 35:7‏, ‎Ezek. 37:26‏, ‎ Hos. 1:4‏, ‎Hos. 2:5‏,
‎Hos. 2:13‏, ‎Hos. 2:20‏, ‎Hos. 9:16‏, ‎Amos 1:5‏, ‎Amos 1:8‏, ‎Amos 1:14‏,
‎Amos 2:3‏, ‎Obad. 10‏, ‎Mic. 5:9‏, ‎Mic. 5:10‏, ‎ Mic. 5:11‏, ‎Mic.
5:12‏, ‎Nah.
2:14‏, ‎Zeph. 1:3‏, ‎Zeph. 1:4‏, ‎Zeph. 3:6‏, ‎Hag. 2:5‏, ‎Zech. 9:6‏, ‎Zech.
9:10‏, ‎Zech. 11:10‏, ‎Mal. 2:8‏, ‎Psa. 8:7‏, ‎Psa. 73:27‏, ‎Psa. 73:28‏, ‎Psa.
88:7‏, ‎Psa. 88:9‏, ‎Psa. 89:4‏, ‎Psa. 89:24‏, ‎Psa. 89:45‏, ‎Psa. 90:8‏, ‎Psa.
119:119‏, ‎Job 7:14‏, ‎Job 23:17‏, ‎Job 31:1‏, ‎ Prov. 23:8‏, ‎Dan.
8:17‏, ‎2Chr.
7:18‏
(Is 9.3 [root H.t.t.] fits this picture, too, because haHitt-o-ta has a
separating vowel between the collapsed root letters that precede, and the
suffix. Thus, the suffix cannot be joined to the previous 'taw', because of
the vowel. The other two H.t.t. examples, Jer 49.37 and Job 7.14, show both
root letters and the suffix joins the second root letter-taw, like all of
the other examples above.)

So the voice is unanimous.
It's not often when things are that black and white in language.

blessings
Randall Buth

--
Randall Buth, PhD
www.biblicallanguagecenter.com
Biblical Language Center
Learn Easily - Progress Further - Remember for Life
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