permaculture

[Tripp Tibbetts <slowfoodguy@yahoo.com>]

Permaculture seems to be wrestling with the same growth issues that the rest 
of society has in the past.  It's popularity is waxing due to market forces, 
but centralized control and homogeneity is counter to its very nature.  The 
analogy of cellular structure comes to mind.  A successful cell model doesn't 
swell into gigantism; it replicates itself at scale, with minor regional 
variations.  Over enough distance two cells might have very little in common.
 
Of course we can always hope for anagenesis.  Or not.  Nothing terribly 
permacultural about it.
 
Tripp out.



The best fertilizer is the gardener's shadow.
-Chinese proverb
 

--- On Sun, 12/13/09, Lawrence F. London, Jr. <venaurafarm@bellsouth.net> 
wrote:


From: Lawrence F. London, Jr. <venaurafarm@bellsouth.net>
Subject: Re: [permaculture] The Heretic - Was Thoughts on PDCs
To: "permaculture" <permaculture@lists.ibiblio.org>
Date: Sunday, December 13, 2009, 2:22 AM


Tripp Tibbetts wrote:
''''''''''''''''''''''''''
speciation event
''''''''''''''''''''''''''

Speciation
>From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speciation

Speciation is the evolutionary process by which new biological species 
arise. The biologist Orator F. Cook seems to have been the first to coin 
the term 'speciation' for the splitting of lineages or 'cladogenesis,' 
as opposed to 'anagenesis' or 'phyletic evolution' occurring within 
lineages.[1][2] Whether genetic drift is a minor or major contributor to 
speciation is the subject of much ongoing discussion. There are four 
geographic modes of speciation in nature, based on the extent to which 
speciating populations are geographically isolated from one another: 
allopatric, peripatric, parapatric, and sympatric. Speciation may also 
be induced artificially, through animal husbandry or laboratory 
experiments. Observed examples of each kind of speciation are provided 
throughout.[3]

speciation
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speciation

species
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Species

evolutionary
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolution

cladogenesis
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speciation

genetic drift
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_drift

anagenesis (phyletic evolution)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anagenesis

phyletic
Anagenesis, also known as "phyletic change," is the evolution of species 
involving an entire population rather than a branching event, as in 
cladogenesis

allopatric
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allopatric_speciation

peripatric
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peripatric_speciation

parapatric
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parapatric_speciation

sympatric
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sympatric_speciation















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>From slowfoodguy@yahoo.com  Sat Dec 12 23:39:28 2009
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From: Tripp Tibbetts <slowfoodguy@yahoo.com>
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The idea that plants and fungi possess a certain spirit and connectedness 
that industrial man is unfamiliar with is not unheard of.  Most indigenous 
cultures treat that idea as self-evident.  Einstein apparently caught a 
glimpse of that connection, and spent the rest of his career trying to put 
his finger on it.  The Indian rishis, animist cultures, and Buddhist masters 
routinely have these experiences.
 
Coming from a militantly atheistic, ecologically-based background, my more 
recent experience suggests that I should roll with Einstein on this one.  
Perhaps there is a moment when we mentally become part and parcel of Nature 
again -- we return to the garden if you will -- which provides a certain 
transcendence of the separation and anxiety of the last 10,000 years.  I 
doubt I'd get much resistance to that idea from the late Fukuoka or Paul 
Stamets.  Even David Holmgren admits that it's possible.
 
The Black Death and domestication of dairy animals both drove evolution in 
significant ways.  How much larger might a reversal of our energetics reality 
prove to be?
 
Although the Aquarians have no doubt sensationalized the idea.
 
Thanks, Ben, for a brilliant post.  
 
Tripp out.



The best fertilizer is the gardener's shadow.
-Chinese proverb
 

--- On Sun, 12/13/09, Ben Martin Horst <ben.martinhorst@gmail.com> wrote:


From: Ben Martin Horst <ben.martinhorst@gmail.com>
Subject: Re: [permaculture] The Heretic - Was Thoughts on PDCs
To: "permaculture" <permaculture@lists.ibiblio.org>
Date: Sunday, December 13, 2009, 3:33 AM


On Sat, Dec 12, 2009 at 4:25 PM, Tripp Tibbetts <slowfoodguy@yahoo.com>wrote:

> Is it possible that after millions of years of expansion and growth, that
> energy descent and permanent (for our purposes) economic contraction are
> enough to trigger a speciation event?


Expansion and growth of the sort we're used to only really began with
agriculture (around 10,000 years ago in the Fertile Crescent, more recently
elsewhere), and there have been significant declines since then, notably
during the Black Death. There was very slow population growth during the
millennia preceding agriculture, but it's currently a matter of debate in
anthropological circles as to whether that growth had leveled off some time
before agriculture's adoption, or whether the pressures of continued growth
had some impact on the initial adoptions of agriculture.

In any case, whether the coming energy descent is enough to drive a
speciation event likely depends on how catastrophic (from a population
perspective) the decline is. If it's gradual enough that population has a
chance to decline fairly slowly, then I'd say speciation isn't likely. If,
however, a sudden collapse leads to major disruptions in global and local
food production, leading to a major die-off scenario, the situation might be
different. Extinction might be one possible outcome. Or, if remnant
populations are isolated enough from each other that there is little genetic
transfer, speciation is possible.


> Could that not be viewed as a new age?  I understand that that's heresy in
> the Mollison-esque circles of permaculture, but I just wonder if this isn't
> perhaps one of the most important single factors in human evolution to
> date.  If you subscribe to a punctuated equilibrium model of evolution, it
> seems reasonable enough to view current global energetics changes as a
> massive driving force for deep changes in Homo sapiens mental construct.


I suppose one might describe the development of new species of *Homo* as a
"new age," but I don't really see it relating to a teleological, spiritual,
or Aquarian "New Age" of the sort that has been *en vogue* in some circles
since the '60s. If *Homo sapiens* develops into new species, I find it
likely that any changes will be rooted in the same physical processes
evolution has always been rooted in, not the spiritual, psychic, or
metaphysical transformations I've frequently heard proclaimed by New Age
folks as imminent.

If one accepts even a fraction of the hominin species described by
paleontologists, it's fairly clear that the current lack of multiple species
within our genus and clade is somewhat unusual. As recently as a couple tens
of thousands of years ago, we shared the planet with at least two other
species of humans (*H. neandertalensis* in Europe and *H. floresiensis* on
Flores in Indonesia). Viewed in that light, it wouldn't surprise me in the
least if, a couple million years from now, there are multiple human species
in different regions; it's even conceivable that human species might overlap
in range, occupying different ecological niches (in the same manner that
chimps and gorillas overlap in equatorial Africa).

All of this, of course, is rampant speculation, but I'd wager that if humans
of any form exist a hundred thousand or a million years from now, they will
not have *transcended *the physical world, as the New Age movement and
countless other religions throughout the years have predicted. Rather, they
will have* descended* back into the world, becoming intimate with flora,
fauna, and fungi once again, just as our own uncivilized (as in
"un-citified") ancestors once were. Indeed, one might view permaculture as
the project of returning humans to intimacy with the physical world,
consciously embedding ourselves in our local ecologies. Of course, it is
only by being embedded in our ecosystems that we can evolve alongside our
fellow beings. The alternative -- the one civilized culture is now pursuing
at breakneck pace -- is extinction.

-Ben
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Tripp Tibbetts wrote:
> I understand that that's heresy in the Mollison-esque circles of 
> permaculture, but I just wonder if this isn't perhaps one of the most 
> important single factors in human evolution to date.
Permaculture isn't about a bunch of speculative stuff that may or may
not happen.  It's about beginning where we are NOW and making it better.