permaculture

[James Erbes <visionary@yahoo.com>]

Thanks for the input. What is your thoughts on lining
the pond with bentonite clay?

I understand that trout are not pond fish. But I saw
some trout in a small pond at the Holman Ranch in
Carmel Vally. I was surprised. Maybe they were a
special type of trout.

http://www.theholmanranch.com/openwedding.html
"The Redwood Deck, just off the lawn, is reached via a
small bridge spanning a trout pond."  


--- keller <ak.and.ak@on-line.de> wrote:
> >    4) Build a natural pond with fish. Trout would
> be cool.
> 
> Hi,
> 
> trout like it cool and prefer running water (high
> oxigene content). Not a
> typical pond fish.
> 
> Tilapia could be the right thing, but they are
> forbidden in some areas
> (African family of fish, they multiply very quickly
> and tend to push native
> species out). But tilapia species might already be
> present in your area, and
> then why not grow them.
> 
> I am not a fish farming expert, (no practical
> experience myself) but
> interested in the field.
> 
> I recommend the following book:
> 
> "Freshwater Aquaculture" by William McLarney. 1998
> Hartley and Marks. ISBN 0-88179-123-7
> 
> 
> What fish species do naturally occur in your area?
> 
> Species to look at (some quotes from that book):
> 
> Bluegill (Leomis microchirus)  "Probably the best
> warm water insectivore for
> North American ponds".
> 
> Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) "The most
> important commercially
> cultured fish in the United States. Main culture
> methods is intensive
> monoculture in ponds, but also used in high and low
> intensity polycultures,
> closed systems, cage culture, farm ponds, trated in
> Arkansas, Louisiana and
> Mississippi, with some commercial culture in the
> South Atlantic States, the
> Great Plains states, Texas, California and Idaho."
> 
> Bigmouth Buffalo (Ictiobus cyprinellus) " On of the
> few large, native North
> American filter feeders, and as such potetially very
> valuable as a cultured
> fish. Well suited for culture in rotation with rice.
> Culture methods were
> developed in Arkansas inthe 1950'as, but channel
> catfish became much more
> important economically. Mostly used in low
> -intensity polyculture..."
> 
> Filter feeders are low in the food chain, so that is
> fine with respect to
> food energy.
> 
> Polyculture is something to read about! Different
> fish occupy different
> niches, some feed on plants, some on small animals,
> some on feces of other
> fish and dead plant matter, some on other fish
> (don't dismiss theses: in
> Tilapia, it the population density becomes too high,
> fish tend to be
> stunted. On way to solve the problem is some
> carnivourous fish in the pond).
> So pc-wise, that is the way to go. The chinese have
> done it for thousands of
> years, also integrated systems with aquaculture and
> other things.
> 
> Get some books, surf the web, find people who do it
> (but not the commercial
> guys, who feed the fish with all kinds of
> non-organically grown things.
> Normally, feeding them should not even be necessary,
> since a pond in the
> sunshine will produce quite some amount of biomass.
> 
> Andreas
> 
> 
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