North American Fruit Explorers mailing list at ibiblio

[lee reich <lreich@hvc.rr.com>]

The growing tips of plants are made up of two or three layers, any one 
of which might be genetically different from the other or have part of 
it genetically different than the rest. As these cells divide, they 
continuously make new cells that make up the new plant. In a graft 
hybrid, or even a naturally occurring chimera, then, each cell is not a 
combination of two different genetic individuals, but different parts 
of a leaf, fruit, flower, or stem are made up of genetically different 
cells. Just where these different cells are located on the plant 
depends on where the cell lies in the meristem, or growing point. 
Chimeras are not that uncommon; they're just not noticed unless the the 
two genes express themselves differently visually, one without 
chlorophyll, for instance.

Lee Reich
www.leereich.com


On Feb 17, 2005, at 8:10 AM, rob hamilton wrote:

> I am still a little puzzled by this.  The genetic
> material does not combine, but the resulting plant
> contains the genetics of both material as in two sets
> of chromosomes? So does the plant flip-flop in its
> characteristic or I guess they call Phenotype. But
> there no true combination of the charicteristics of
> the plant. (ie. you would not have in a  Pyrus and
> Mespilus Chimeras with Medlar looking fruit that would
> not have to be bletted and tasted pear-like)?
>
> If they did combine as such would these plants be
> sterile?
>
> Rob
>
> --- lee reich <lreich@hvc.rr.com> wrote:
>
> > Actually, in a graft hybrid, the cells do not fuse.
> > These "hybrids", or
> > chimeras, as they are also called, arise when
> > adventitious buds at the
> > graft union grow so that the resulting shoot
> > combines the characters of
> > both individuals. Two, genetically different cells
> > make up the
> > meristem, or growing point. Chimeras, incidentally,
> > are one possible
> > explanation for the anomalies in males and
> > femaleness of che trees.
> >
> > Lee Reich
> > www.leereich.com
> >
> >
> > On Feb 17, 2005, at 12:28 AM, Lon Rombough wrote:
> >
> > > There is also a Pyrus x Cydonia,  aka Pyronia,
> > which is a "graft
> > > hybrid" of pear and quince.  The theory is that in
> > very rare cases,
> > > tissues of the stock and scion are in contact in
> > such a way that cells
> > > fuse to make a sort of physical (as opposed to
> > sexual) hybrid of the
> > > two species, AND the fused cells are in the right
> > place to grow into a
> > > shoot that shows the traits of both "parents".
> > Apparently there were
> > > serious research attempts to cause such hybrids to
> > form these "graft
> > > hybrids" by grafting plants, then cutting them off
> > at the union in an
> > > attempt to force hybrid shoots from the callus
> > union.
> > >         I have the Crataegomespilus hybrid (or one such)
> > and it does show
> > > traits of both hawthorn and medlar.
> > > -Lon Rombough
> > > Grapes, writing, consulting, my book, The Grape
> > Grower, at
> > > http://www.bunchgrapes.com  Winner of the Garden
> > Writers Association
> > > "Best Talent in Writing" award for 2003.
> > > On Feb 16, 2005, at 6:02 PM, John Smith wrote:
> > >
> > > I was pondering Stephen Sadler's information and
> > > looking some things up, when I discovered there is
> > > apparently a +Crataegomespilus which is a hybrid
> > > between hawthorn and a medlar that was created by
> > > grafting, not hybrid created by a sexual cross.  I
> > had
> > > no idea a graft could take on characteristics of
> > both
> > > parents...  I always thought the scion would
> > maintain
> > > it's separate genetics, but I guess that's not
> > always
> > > the case.  I wonder how common this
> > > is?_______________________________________________
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