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  • From: Joe Baker <joebaker AT cygnus.uwa.edu.au>
  • To: b-hebrew AT lists.ibiblio.org
  • Subject: Re: [b-hebrew] The Exodus' mention in Egyptian Annals ?
  • Date: Sun, 29 Aug 2004 23:30:05 +0800

Hi all

I agree that the equation Osarsiph = Moses was not in Manetho's original source about the rebellion of polluted Egyptians and their Hyksos supporters. As noted by Russell the equation was supplied by Manetho and presumably was based on a belief held by some in his days.

Although the original story does have some connection with the days of Akhenaten/Amenophis 4. via Amenophis son of Paapis and also Manetho's Oros, the king who succeeded Amenophis/Amenophis 3 and was father to the female ruler Akenkheres (Ankhkheperure Neferneferuaten = Meritaten) and her brother Rathotis (Tutankhamun). The story of the battles and expulsion of the polluted Egyptians and their Hyksos allies has its closest Egyptian parallel in the year 2 stela of Setnakht where he records his defeat and expulsion of certain ruling Egyptians and their hired Asiatic allies.

Now it is possible that Manetho placed this story in the reign of Setnakht, that is Amenophis and his son Rampses are none other than Setnakht and his son Ramesses 3. IMO Manetho had before him two lists of Egyptian kings. One that extended through the 18th to the end of the 19th dynasty - but it did not include several kings, either by faulty omission (Amenophis 2, Seti 1) or by design (Smenkhkare, Tausert) and another that began with the 19th dynasty. His attempt to merge the two lists was faulty and he ended up duplicating certain rulers. From Josephus we can see his attempt to combine the list produced the following sequence (its continuation in Africanus contains his duplication effort)

Armesses Miamun = Ramesses 2 Meryamun
Amenophis = Merneptah
Sethos Ramesses = Seti 2 (who expelled his brother Ermaios, ie. his rival Amenemes)
Rampses = Ramesses Siptah
Amenophis = Setnakht
Rampses = Ramesses 3


Marianne the reason why Josephus said that the exile occurred in the Egyptian month of Pharmouti is because when he wrote his work (the AD 80's) the Hebrew month of Nisan mostly corresponded with this Egyptian month.

Peter I see you follow Rohl and have some of his material on the chronology of this period. Read carefully and you will see that he has Setnakht ruling and dying before Tausert. Now this under any condition is impossible. Look up tomb 14 on various websites - the best is at http://www.thebanmappingproject.com/. This tomb was started for Tausert during the reign of her step son Siptah. By the time she became king work was being conducted on her burial chamber. Later when Setnakht became king he took it over and had a second burial chamber dug that began where Pharaoh Tausert's ended and extended further into the mountain. Now as I said Rohl has Setnakht dying before the reign of Tausert, yet his tomb, by its very nature, must have been constructed after the death of Tausert.

Regards
Joe Baker ===========\
Perth |
Western Australia ===/





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