permaculture

[Toby Hemenway <toby@patternliteracy.com>]

LL and all--

Thanks for this. You did the research that my slow connection kept me from 
doing. From this paper,
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4896614/

I think it is saying that trees with thicker growth rings sequester more 
carbon than those with thinner growth rings, even though the thin growth 
rings were more dense. But someone else may want to look that over, as I am 
not at my best due to meds I am taking. The trees were grown under “marginal” 
conditions, so it may not be comparable to a healthy low-elevation forest.

Here are excerpts (HE is “higher elevation” and H is “high elevation”)

> Mean tree-ring width and wood density rates were 2.60 ± 1.43 mm years−1 and 
> 0.77 ± 0.12 g cm−3 years−1, respectively, with the HE population having the 
> larger values of the two variables.
> 
> P. cooperi trees at site HE showed greater cumulative carbon than at H 
> during the analysis period; these were ~300 and 200 kg at 60 years, 
> respectively, with a tendency to continue increasing (Fig 6). In addition, 
> site HE had a significant difference in annual carbon uptake (Table 3). 
> Although wood annual density and basal area increment were not 
> statistically significant, both variables tended to be greater at HE than H.

>  larger values of annual carbon uptake are directly associated with larger 
> values of annual basal area increment and annual mean wood density


Isn’t this saying that the thicker rings sequestered more carbon? What I’m 
not quite understanding, though, is why a tree grown at higher elevation 
would have thicker growth rings.

I will look over some of the other links as time permits and if I think it’s 
really worth pursuing this much further. I have satisfied myself that carbon 
sequestering is not about young or old, it is about environmental conditions 
(Duh!). And of course we want old growth forests and trees. But if trees must 
be cut, we need criteria to guide us, and it seems to me that 
late-mid-succession trees that are beginning to slow their growth (and the 
growth of nearby trees) would be the ones to cut. Not the youngest, not the 
oldest.

Toby

> On Jul 31, 2016, at 8:07 AM, Lawrence London <lfljvenaura@gmail.com> wrote:
> 
> relationship between tree growth rings and carbon sequestration - Google
> Search
> https://www.google.com/search?q=relationship+between+tree+growth+rings+and+carbon+sequestration&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8
> 
> Tree rings, carbon dioxide, and climatic change
> <https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwi9q7Pi-p3OAhXG7YMKHeS9CCsQFggeMAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pnas.org%2Fcontent%2F94%2F16%2F8350.full&usg=AFQjCNEcNMQgWL8LSV_6PeVrW17ZYSsDxg&sig2=vR4DgNu3X5Sn1y1V1Hu1Mw>
> www.pnas.org/.../94/.../8350.f...
> Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of t...
> by GC Jacoby - ‎1997 - ‎Cited by 88
> <https://scholar.google.com/scholar?oe=utf-8&um=1&ie=UTF-8&lr&cites=11737653711020233096>
> - ‎Related articles
> <https://scholar.google.com/scholar?oe=utf-8&um=1&ie=UTF-8&lr&q=related:iBHohdyF5KJZsM:scholar.google.com/>
> Aug 5, 1997 - The present *tree*-*ring* evidence for a possible CO2
> fertilization effect .... Modeling suggests that this enhanced *growth*
> should result in greater *carbon sequestering* of ... of residual trends
> following modeling of climate–*growth relationships*. ... *plant* responses
> in different simulated ecosystems and *between* ...
> [PDF]A tree‑ring perspective on the terrestrial carbon cycle - WSL
> <https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwi9q7Pi-p3OAhXG7YMKHeS9CCsQFggoMAE&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsl.ch%2Ffe%2Flandschaftsdynamik%2Fdendroclimatology%2FPublikationen%2FBabst_etal_Dendrochronologia_2014&usg=AFQjCNF0N11rGYZ21703Zccja5l8dJ_W9A&sig2=OByUNkc2IhFbmxeZvQ9eZQ>
> www.wsl.ch/fe/landschaftsdynamik/.../Babst_etal_Dendrochronologia_2014
> preceding monitoring data. the *growing* use of *tree rings* in
> carbon-cycle research is ... *carbon sink* illustrate that this component
> of the global car- bon cycle is both ..... a positive *relationship between*
> ca and wUe (e.g., Battipa- glia et al. 2013 ...
> Temporal Variation of Wood Density and Carbon in Two Elevational ...
> <https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=3&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwi9q7Pi-p3OAhXG7YMKHeS9CCsQFgguMAI&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC4896614%2F&usg=AFQjCNHWenKkhiOS9X22NCT2oZD8hBSjKA&sig2=oD6s_rQMh-uUJ_E7tQmWMQ>
> www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/.../PMC4896614/
> National Center for Biotechnology Information
> by M Pompa-García - ‎2016 - ‎Related articles
> <https://scholar.google.com/scholar?oe=utf-8&um=1&ie=UTF-8&lr&q=related:M7V5kudVES69XM:scholar.google.com/>
> Jun 7, 2016 - *Carbon sequestration* (50% biomass) was estimated from a
> specific allometric ... The *relationship between growth rings* and
> climatic factors was also analyzed, .... Time series of *tree*-*ring width*
> and maximum latewood density.
> Long Tree-Ring Chronologies Provide Evidence of Recent Tree ...
> <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4373839/>
> www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/.../PMC43738...
> National Center for Biotechnology Information
> by G Battipaglia - ‎2015 - ‎Cited by 3
> <https://scholar.google.com/scholar?oe=utf-8&um=1&ie=UTF-8&lr&cites=5869970028606325022>
> - ‎Related articles
> <https://scholar.google.com/scholar?oe=utf-8&um=1&ie=UTF-8&lr&q=related:HgFF_aNSdlGP_M:scholar.google.com/>
> Mar 25, 2015 - In particular *tree*-*ring width*, converted into basal area
> increment (BAI), is a ..... No significant *relationships* were found
> *between* BAI of the three ... important impacts on *carbon
> sequestration*/storage
> as the residence time of ...
> [PDF]Detecting trends in tree growth: not so simple - Rainfor
> <http://www.rainfor.org/upload/publication-store/2013/Bowman_et_al_tree_growth_trends_TPS_2013.pdf>
> www.rainfor.org/upload/...store/.../Bowman_et_al_*tree*_*growth*
> _trends_TPS_2013.pd...
> by DMJS Bowman - ‎2013 - ‎Cited by 52
> <https://scholar.google.com/scholar?oe=utf-8&um=1&ie=UTF-8&lr&cites=17260548461674785336>
> - ‎Related articles
> <https://scholar.google.com/scholar?oe=utf-8&um=1&ie=UTF-8&lr&q=related:OGqKJmDJie9aaM:scholar.google.com/>
> spective studies) and *tree ring* analyses (retrospective ... Detecting
> trends in *tree growth*. Worldwide, forests represent half of the
> biospheric *carbon sink*. .... The effect of site quality on the 
> *relationship
> between* diameter *growth* and diameter is ...
> [PDF]Aboveground woody carbon sequestration measured from tree rings is ...
> <https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=6&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwi9q7Pi-p3OAhXG7YMKHeS9CCsQFghHMAU&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ltrr.arizona.edu%2F%7Eellisqm%2Foutgoing%2Fdendroecology2014%2Freadings%2FBabst_etal_2014_NP.pdf&usg=AFQjCNHX60-dOlluP8jiJ9c5C6f0KExH1Q&sig2=0mTdwGcnLNTlHaw0ThE3qg>
> www.ltrr.arizona.edu/.../Babst_etal_2014_NP.pdf
> Laboratory of Tree‑Ring Research
> by F Babst - ‎2013 - ‎Cited by 34
> <https://scholar.google.com/scholar?oe=utf-8&um=1&ie=UTF-8&lr&cites=1631018704284951617>
> - ‎Related articles
> <https://scholar.google.com/scholar?oe=utf-8&um=1&ie=UTF-8&lr&q=related:QSTsut6KohbQAM:scholar.google.com/>
> compatible and suggested that *carbon sequestered* between January and July
> is mainly used ... tionship between *tree*-*ring width* (TRW) chronologies
> from selected mature ... site-specific parametric *relationships between*
> diameter and stem.
> Climate variability, tree increment patterns and ENSO-related carbon ...
> <http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00468-016-1362-0>
> link.sp*ring*er.com/article/10.1007/s00468-016-1362-0
> Springer Science+Business Media
> by S Spannl - ‎Cited by 1
> <https://scholar.google.com/scholar?oe=utf-8&um=1&ie=UTF-8&lr&cites=10621056650722005582>
> - ‎Related articles
> <https://scholar.google.com/scholar?oe=utf-8&um=1&ie=UTF-8&lr&q=related:TtKVRcCSZZN_lM:scholar.google.com/>
> Feb 16, 2016 - (3) How are *tree growth* and consequently *carbon
> sequestration* influenced .... To examine the *relation between tree growth*
> patterns and climatic conditions, .... An exemplary *tree*-*ring* boundary
> is indicated by white arrows. b ...
> [PDF]Carbon Storage in Young Growth Coast Redwood ... - US Forest Service
> <http://www.fs.fed.us/psw/publications/documents/psw_gtr238/psw_gtr238_515.pdf>
> www.fs.fed.us/psw/publications/.../psw_gtr238_515.pdf
> United States Forest Service
> by DA Jones - ‎Related articles
> <https://scholar.google.com/scholar?oe=utf-8&um=1&ie=UTF-8&lr&q=related:cBh8TV1GVWcFdM:scholar.google.com/>
> *carbon* fraction of *tree* boles in young growth redwood; and 5) compare
> the directly ... boundary and showing no curvature of the *growth rings*);
> and 3) sapwood .... *relationship between carbon* fraction of mature
> heartwood and average growth ...
> [PDF]A tree-ring perspective on the terrestrial carbon cycle - ScholarWorks
> <http://scholarworks.montana.edu/xmlui/bitstream/handle/1/8951/Poulter_Oecologia2014_176Postprint_A1b.pdf?sequence=1>
> scholarworks.montana.edu/xmlui/.../Poulter_Oecologia2014_176Postprint_A1b.pdf?.
> ..
> by F Babst - ‎2014 - ‎Cited by 19
> <https://scholar.google.com/scholar?oe=utf-8&um=1&ie=UTF-8&lr&cites=3086531754206706743>
> - ‎Related articles
> <https://scholar.google.com/scholar?oe=utf-8&um=1&ie=UTF-8&lr&q=related:Nzx0_UaQ1SrReM:scholar.google.com/>
> Aug 14, 2014 - *tree rings* in carbon-cycle research is being facilitated
> by increasing recognition of reciprocal benefits among research ... *carbon
> sink* illustrate that this component of the global car- .... a temporal
> offset between cambial *growth* and other pro- ..... a positive 
> *relationship
> between* ca and wUe (e.g., Battipa-.
> Frontiers | Carbon Storage and Sequestration of Urban Street Trees in ...
> <http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fevo.2016.00053>
> journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fevo.2016.00053
> by S Zhao - ‎2016 - ‎Related articles
> <https://scholar.google.com/scholar?oe=utf-8&um=1&ie=UTF-8&lr&q=related:E4K8q-mneUY-yM:scholar.google.com/>
> Here, using data from field surveys, *tree* growth measurements and ... We
> installed *growth rings* on 152 *trees* at five urban parks in Beijing in
> 2013. ... *Relationships between carbon* density and *tree* size (A), *tree*
> density (B), and road area (C).
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Toby
tobyhemenway.com

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