North American Fruit Explorers mailing list at ibiblio

["K Q" <kumquat@operamail.com>]

Here is what I am seeing:

"25 species, including crustaceans, insects, snails, and
tadpoles -- responded to the addition of the manufacturers' recommended doses 
 of two insecticides"

RECOMMENDED DOSE? THAT WOULD BE FULL STRENGTH HERBICIDE, RIGHT?

"the lethal ingredient in Roundup was NOT the herbicide itself, glyphosate, 
but rather the surfactant, or detergent, that allows the herbicide to 
penetrate the waxy surfaces of plants. In Roundup, that surfactant is a 
chemical called polyehtoxylated tallowamine."

SEE, IT IS NOT THE GLYPHOSATE ITSELF, BUT THE ADJUVANT!!!!!


"nobody would have guessed Roundup was going to be so lethal"

THERE ARE OTHER BRANDS OF GLYPHOSATE. I HAVE NO CLUE WHAT THEIR ADJUVANT IS, 
IT DOES NOT MATTER REALLY. I NEVER POUR ROUNDUP KNOCKOFFS INTO A POND IN 
"manufacturers' recommended doses".

THIS WHOLE ARTICLE SOUNDS LIKE A WELL CONSTRUCTED GREENY-ENVIRONMENTALIST 
PLOY TO TAKE A STAB AT ONE OF MY FAVORITE WEED KILLERS. JERKS, I SAY, AND 
DISHONEST TO BOOT. THEY CAN ROT IN HELL!

KEN Q.





Message: 2
Date: Wed, 25 Jun 2008 16:44:42 -0500
From: "Brungardt, Sam" <Sam.Brungardt@state.mn.us>
Subject: [NAFEX] More Evidence that Monsanto's HerbicideRoundup is
        Toxic
To: "North American Fruit Explorers" <nafex@lists.ibiblio.org>,
        "Pribble, Ralph" <Ralph.Pribble@state.mn.us>,   "Maleitzke, Jennifer"
        <Jennifer.Maleitzke@state.mn.us>
Message-ID:
        <D577CC7D2E27894389723752BCAECBCF0377D4A2@s-sp22.pca.state.mn.us>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"

April 5, 2005

(This article just out in the journal Ecological Applications)

Roundup Highly Lethal to Amphibians in Natural Setting, Finds University
of Pittsburgh Researcher

Some species totally eliminated

PITTSBURGH - The herbicide Roundup(r) is widely used to eradicate weeds.
But a study published today by a University of Pittsburgh researcher
finds that the chemical may be eradicating much more than that.

Pitt assistant professor of biology Rick Relyea found that Roundup, the
second most commonly applied herbicide in the United States, is
"extremely lethal" to amphibians. This field experiment is one of the
most extensive studies on the effects of pesticides on nontarget
organisms in a natural setting, and the results may provide a key link
to global amphibian declines.

In a paper titled "The Impact of Insecticides and Herbicides on the
Biodiversity and Productivity of Aquatic Communities," published in the
journal Ecological Applications, Relyea examined how a pond's entire
community --- 25 species, including crustaceans, insects, snails, and
tadpoles -- responded to the addition of the manufacturers' recommended
doses  of two insecticides -- Sevin(r) (carbaryl) and malathion -- and
two herbicides-Roundup(r) (glyphosate) and 2,4-D.

Relyea found that Roundup caused a 70 percent decline in amphibian
biodiversity and an 86 percent decline in the total mass of tadpoles.
Leopard frog tadpoles and gray tree frog tadpoles were completely
eliminated and wood frog tadpoles and toad tadpoles were nearly
eliminated.

One species of frog, spring peepers, was unaffected.

"The most shocking insight coming out of this was that Roundup,
something designed to kill plants, was extremely lethal to amphibians,"
said Relyea, who conducted the research at Pitt's Pymatuning Laboratory
of Ecology. "We added Roundup(r), and the next day we looked in the
tanks and there were dead tadpoles all over the bottom."

Relyea initially conducted the experiment to see whether the Roundup
would have an indirect effect on the frogs by killing their food source,
the algae. However, he found that Roundup(r), although an herbicide,
actually increased the amount of algae in the pond because it killed
most of the frogs.

"It's like killing all the cows in a field and seeing that the field has
more grass in it-not because you made the grass grow better, but because
you killed everything that eats grass," he said.

Previous research had found that the lethal ingredient in Roundup was
not the herbicide itself, glyphosate, but rather the surfactant, or
detergent, that allows the herbicide to penetrate the waxy surfaces of
plants. In Roundup, that surfactant is a chemical called polyehtoxylated
tallowamine. Other herbicides have less dangerous surfactants: For
example, Relyea's study found that 2,4-D had no effect on tadpoles.

"We've repeated the experiment, so we're confident that this is, in
fact, a repeatable result that we see," said Relyea. "It's fair to say
that nobody would have guessed Roundup was going to be so lethal to
amphibians." http://www.organicconsumers.org/ge/roundup040605.cfm
<http://www.organicconsumers.org/ge/roundup040605.cfm>

-- 
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