North American Fruit Explorers mailing list at ibiblio

["Mark Lee" <markl@nytec.com>]

I think the second reference (Long-term storage of apple scions) addresses
the low-tech cold storage we all would have access to in our freezers.  If I
am reading it correctly, they look at both 0 degree storage (icebox) and -80
degree storage (liquid nitrogen).  Is that correct?  Based on some of the
e-mails today, just storing the scionwood in a bag in the freezer can
produce poor results.  The Japanese authors say they store the scionwood
wrapped in vinyl film in a freezer and it remains viable for at least 2
years.  Interesting.  I still wonder how simply freezing the wood in ice
(like Hiltop Nursery) would work for the average NAFEXer.
-Mark Lee

-----Original Message-----
From: nafex-bounces@lists.ibiblio.org
[mailto:nafex-bounces@lists.ibiblio.org]On Behalf Of Volkening, Tom
Sent: Tuesday, January 27, 2004 12:09 PM
To: North American Fruit Explorers
Subject: RE: [NAFEX] Scion storage in freezer?


Mark,
I am a librarian so I did some searching in the agriculture literature and
came up with listings for two article that might have some value for someone
wanting to do more research on the topic.

Tom Volkening
Engineering Librarian
Michigan State University
East Lansing, MI 48824
Phone:  517-432-1498
Fax:      517-353-9041
Email:    volkenin@msu.edu
              volkenin@egr.msu.edu


Record 1 of 2 in CAB Abstracts 2000/08-2002/07

TI: Cryopreservation of apple (Malus X domestica Borkh.) shoot tips
following
  encapsulation-dehydration or encapsulation-vitrification.
AU: Paul-H; Daigny-G; Sangwan-Norreel-BS
SO: Plant-Cell-Reports. 2000, 19: 8, 768-774; 35 ref.
LA: English
AB: Axillary shoot tips of apple cv. Golden Delicious isolated from shoot
  cultures were successfully cryopreserved using the
encapsulation-dehydration
  technique. After encapsulation in alginate gel, embedded shoot tips were
  dehydrated by exposure to a sterile air flow before being frozen in liquid
  nitrogen and subsequent slow thawing. A preculture on modified MS medium
  containing 0.75 M sucrose followed by 6 h of dehydration (21% residual
water)
  led to the highest shoot regrowth of frozen, coated shoot tips (83.7%).
Among
  the sugars tested, sucrose and sorbitol presented the best cryoprotective
  effect. Four other scion apple varieties and rootstocks were also
successfully
  cryopreserved. Axillary shoot tips of five apple (Malus X domestica [M.
  pumila]) scion and root-stock cultivars were cryopreserved using the
  encapsulation-vitrification technique. Using a one-step freezing method,
we
  successfully cryopreserved axillary shoot tips without the requirement of
a
  cold hardening pretreatment of the shoot cultures. Cryopreserved shoot
tips
  treated with aqueous cryoprotective mixture IV containing 180% (w/v)
sucrose
  and 120% (v/v) ethylene glycol showed the highest shoot regrowth rates,
which
  varied from 64 to 77%, depending on the cultivar.
PT: Journal-article
AN: 20001615358

Record 2 of 2 in CAB Abstracts 1979-1981

TI: Long-term storage of apple scions.
AU: Haniuda-T; Yoshida-Y; Tsuchiya-S; Sanada-T
SO: Long-term-preservation-of-favourable-germ-plasm-in-arboreal-crops. 1978,
89
  -96; 13 ref.
PB: Fruit Tree Research Station, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry.;
Ibaraki
  -Ken; Japan
LA: English
AB: One-year-old dormant shoots (scion material) of several apple cvs
(including
  Fuji, McIntosh, Akane and Virginia Crab) and wild Malus spp. were stored
at
  various temperatures, following different fungicidal and pre-freezing
  treatments. With ordinary low temperature (0 deg C) storage, Akane scions
  wrapped in vinyl film stored well for up to 2 years and 50% were then
grafted
  successfully on M. prunifolia rootstocks. Dipping for 15 min in a solution
of
  pentachlorophenol solution gave complete protection against fungi although
the
  high concentration tested [unspecified] injured the shoot tissue. A
gradual,
  rather than rapid dehydration, to about 35-40% of the original moisture
  content, prior to freezing at -80 deg , reduced shoot injury and improved
  viability. Pre-freezing at -10 deg to -40 deg before freezing at -80 deg
gave
  the best results. Many buds and cortex tissues survived after 30 days in
liquid
  N and 70-90% of these buds were grafted successfully.
PT: Miscellaneous
AN: 800383309

-----Original Message-----
From: Mark Lee [mailto:markl@nytec.com]
Sent: Tuesday, January 27, 2004 2:40 PM
To: North American Fruit Explorers
Subject: RE: [NAFEX] Scion storage in freezer?


If no one in NAFEX is aware of any research on long-term storage of
scionwood in a block of ice, this seems like a good project for one of us to
do. Any volunteers?  It wouldn't require any expensive equipment, and the
results would directly benefit our members.  Is the quality any better than
the standard dip into bleach solution?  Could you cut the scionwood in one
season, and then use it a year later and have the grafts take?
-Mark Lee

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