Homestead mailing list

[tvoivozhd <tvoivozd AT infionline.net>]

ENTITLED '"THE ANCESTOR'S TALE: A PILGRIMAGE TO THE DAWN OF EVOLUTION"

The story of evolution and our place in it--plus the place of all other 
creatures, past, present and future as dictated by DNA and Natural 
Selection based on survival in a changing environment---no descendants 
and you leave the gene pool.

Dawkins format is The Canterbury Tales---where he starts at the 
detectable beginning of life and works backward in time through 40 
ancestral convergences in The Tree Of Life---from bacteria to  to the 
present. Natural Selectron is not purposeful and has no designated end, 
particularly the end recited by bible-thumping Narcissusts where they 
are so wonderful that god-duh had them mind as the perfect life-form in 
the short time-frame of Bishop Usher

A lot of book for $28.00.  Published by Houghton Mifflin



ement

        *Age of Universe Revised, Again*
*By Robert Roy Britt <mailto:rbritt AT hq.space.com>*
Senior Science Writer
posted: 11:22 am ET
03 January 2003

We speculated just last week in our Top 10 Space Mysteries [See #8 
<http://www.space.com/scienceastronomy/topmysteries_2003_021226-1.html>] 
that the ongoing effort to figure out how hold the universe is would 
yield at least one more estimate during 2003.

We had no idea it would come so soon.

In a study published today in the journal /Science/, a team of 
researchers says the universe is between 11.2 billion and 20 billion 
years old.

Most estimates in recent years have ranged between 10 billion and 15 
billion years. Last year, data supplied by the Hubble Space Telescope 
led to an apparently refined estimate of 13 billion to 14 billion years.

The new calculations, by Lawrence Krauss of Case Western Reserve 
University and Brian Chaboyer at Dartmouth College, involved new 
information about old star clusters in our galaxy and a better 
understanding of how stars evolve. It was based on when stars are 
thought to end the main sequence of their lives, a point at which 
they've used up the hydrogen that fuels thermonuclear fusion and 
therefore begin to dim.
        
           More Stories

        
        

        Top 10 Space Mysteries for 2003

<http://www.space.com/scienceastronomy/topmysteries_2003_021226-1.html>

        
        

        Hubble Space Telescope Helps Pin Down Beginning of Time

<http://www.space.com/scienceastronomy/astronomy/age_universe_020424.html>

        
        

        Age Of Universe Hidden in Star Clusters of Milky Way

<http://www.space.com/scienceastronomy/astronomy/galaxy_age_991229.html>

        
        

        All Galaxies to Become Ghosts, Frozen in Time and Space

<http://www.space.com/scienceastronomy/universe_end_011212.html>

        
        

        In New Theory of Universe, Time Never Ends

<http://www.space.com/scienceastronomy/astronomy/new_universe_020425.html>

        

The new appraisal comes with a 95 percent level of confidence, which 
means the door is still open for further revision and that last year's 
tighter Hubble estimate might prove on track.

The new estimates were made as part of a larger effort to understand how 
the universe is structured, and they agree with an increasingly solid 
case suggesting that 95 percent of the universe is controlled by 
so-called dark energy. Scientists don't know what this mysterious force 
is, or how it works, but they see evidence of it in the fact that the 
universe is expanding at an ever-increasing rate.

Dark energy is sometimes described as applying a negative pressure to 
the universe. While gravity holds individual galaxies together, dark 
energy works to pull galaxies from each other at faster and faster rates.

Cosmologists, who speculate about the origin and operation of the 
universe as a whole, know they have their work cut out for them even as 
their understanding grows.

"We are living in a golden age of observational cosmology, where our 
fundamental picture of the universe has been revolutionized in the last 
decade," Krauss said. "At the same time, we are establishing the 
essential features of the cosmos that will serve as the datum at the 
basis for fundamental physics in the 21st century and beyond."