Biblical Hebrew Forum

["Dora Smith" <villandra AT austin.rr.com>]

Well, the consensus is it was MOST LIKELY between 1628 and 1580 BC.   Could
have been as late as 1520.

Yours,
Dora Smith
Austin, Texas
villandra AT austin.rr.com
----- Original Message -----
From: "Kevin W. Woodruff" <cierpke AT prodigy.net>
To: "Stephen Segall" <segall AT umich.edu>; "Karl Randolph"
<kwrandolph AT email.com>
Cc: "b-hebrew" <b-hebrew AT lists.ibiblio.org>
Sent: Tuesday, August 24, 2004 1:16 PM
Subject: Re: [b-hebrew] Timing of Thera volcano


> Stephen:
>
> Another fairly comprehensive bibliography on the Thera
> Event can be found at:
>
> http://www.chass.utoronto.ca/fine_arts/chloris/thera_0.html
>
> The consensus seems to be ca. 1628 BCE
>
> Kevin
>
>
> --- "Kevin W. Woodruff" <cierpke AT prodigy.net> wrote:
>
> > Stephen:
> >
> > Some sources for you to check:
> >
> > "Overview and Assessment of the Evidence for the
> > Date
> > of the Eruption of Thera" in D. A. Hardy and A. C.
> > Renfrew, eds., Thera and the Aegean World III:
> > Proceedings of the Third International Congress,
> > Santorini, Greece, 3-9 September 1989. Vol. III
> > "Chronology" (London: The Thera Foundation 1990)
> > 13-18.
> >
> > V.C. LaMarche, Jr. and K.K. Hirschboeck, 1984.
> > "Frost
> > rings in trees as records of major volcanic
> > eruptions", Nature, v. 307, 121-126.
> >
> > M. J. Aitken, H. N. Michael, P. P. Betancourt, and
> > P.
> > M. Warren, "The Thera Eruption: Continued Discussion
> > of the Dating," Archaeometry 30(1988) 164-182.
> >
> > K. P. Foster and R. K. Ritner, "Texts, Storms, and
> > the
> > Thera Eruption," JNES 55(1996) 1-14.
> > C. F. Macdonald, "Chronologies of the Thera
> > Eruption,"
> > AJA 105(2001) 527-532.
> >
> > S. W. Manning, "The Bronze Age Eruption of Thera:
> > Absolute Dating, Aegean
> >
> > Chronology and Mediterranean Cultural
> > Interrelations,"
> > JMA 1(1988) 17-82.
> >
> > S. W. Manning, "The Eruption of Thera: Date and
> > Implications," TAW III.1(1990) 29-40.
> >
> > S. W. Manning, "The Thera Eruption: the Third
> > Congress
> > and the Problem of the Date," Archaeometry 32(1990)
> > 91-100.
> >
> > S. W. Manning, "Thera, Sulphur, and Climatic
> > Anomalies," OJA 11(1992) 245-253.
> >
> > S. W. Manning, "Santorini, Ice-cores and Tree-rings:
> > Resolution of the 1645 or 1628 B.C. Debate?," Nestor
> > 19(1992) 2511-2512.
> >
> > S. W. Manning, "Dating the Aegean Bronze Age:
> > Without,
> > With, and Beyond, Radiocarbon," in K. Randsborg
> > (ed.),
> > Absolute Chronology: Archaeological Europe [Acta
> > Archaeologica 67 Suppl. 1] (Copenhagen 1996) 15-37.
> >
> > S. W. Manning, "Aegean and Sardinian Chronology:
> > Radiocarbon, Calibration, and Thera," in M. S.
> > Balmuth
> > and R. H. Tykot (eds.), Sardinian and Aegean
> > Chronology: Towards the Resolution of Relative and
> > Absolute Dating in the Mediterranean (Oxford 1998)
> > 297-307.
> >
> > S. W. Manning, A Test of Time: The Volcano of Thera
> > and the Chronology and History of the Aegean and
> > East
> > Mediterranean in the mid-Second Millennium B.C.
> > [Oxford 1999].
> >
> > S. W. Manning, B. Kromer, P. I. Kuniholm, and M. W.
> > Newton, "Anatolian Tree-rings and a New Chronology
> > for
> > the East Mediterranean Bronze - Iron Ages," Science
> > 294(2001) 2532-2535.
> >
> > S. W. Manning, C. B. Ramsey, C. Doumas, T. Marketou,
> > G. Cadogan, and C. L. Pearson, "New Evidence for an
> > Early Date for the Aegean Late Bronze Age and Thera
> > Eruption," Antiquity 76(2002) 733-744.
> >
> > P. Warren, "Absolute Dating of the Bronze Age
> > Eruption
> > of Thera (Santorini)," Nature 308:5959(1984) 492-493
> >
> > P. M. Warren, "The Minoan Civilisation of Crete and
> > the Volcano of Thera," Journal of the Ancient
> > Chronology Forum 4(1990-91) 29-39.
> >
> > P. M. Warren, "LM IA: Knossos, Thera, Gournia," in
> > P.
> > P. Betancourt, V. Karageorghis, R. Laffineur, and
> > W.-D. Niemeier (eds.), MELETEMATA: Studies in Aegean
> > Archaeology Presented to Malcolm H. Wiener as He
> > Enters His 65th Year [Aegaeum 20] (Liège/Austin
> > 1999)
> > 893-903.
> >
> > M. H. Wiener, "The White Slip I of Tell el-Dab'a and
> > Thera: Critical Challenge for the Aegean Long
> > Chronology," in V. Karageorghis (ed.), White Slip
> > Ware
> > (Nicosia 2000) 195-202.
> >
> >
> http://projectsx.dartmouth.edu/classics/history/bronze_age/chronobib.html
> >
> > http://www.arts.cornell.edu/dendro/thera.html
> >
> http://www.mystae.com/restricted/streams/thera/dating.html
> >
> >
> > Kevin
> >
> >
> >
> > --- Stephen Segall <segall AT umich.edu> wrote:
> >
> > > All of the archeological evidence about the date
> > of
> > > this volcano is
> > > suspect. A conclusive way to date the Thera
> > volcano
> > > may be through study
> > > of ice cores from Greenland, Antarctica or other
> > > places that can date
> > > volcanic events by comparison with more recent and
> > > more precisely known
> > > events that are recorded in the ice cores. Does
> > > anyone know of such
> > > studies and do you have references to them?
> > >
> > > On Mon, 23 Aug 2004, Karl Randolph wrote:
> > >
> > > > Marianne:
> > > >
> > > > If as you claim below, Exodus mentions phenomena
> > > consistant with the Theran eruption, and those
> > > phenomena were also connected timewise with
> > Ahmoses'
> > > attack on the Hyksos' strongholds, you have just
> > > made my point that the Exodus under Moses occured
> > > under the last or next to last Hyksos pharaoh
> > (next
> > > to last, if the pharaoh of the Exodus was killed
> > as
> > > mentioned in Exodus, and his successor ruled for
> > > only a short period before being expelled).
> > > >
> > > > Karl W. Randolph.
> > > >
> > > > ----- Original Message -----
> > > > From: MarianneLuban AT aol.com
> > > >
> > > > > In a message dated 8/21/2004 10:02:57 AM
> > Pacific
> > > Daylight Time,
> > > > > Banyai AT t-online.de writes:
> > > > >
> > > > >
> > > > > > I suppose you miss the point Marianne. You
> > use
> > > the stratum where the Theran
> > > > > > pumice was found as a marker for the date as
> > > the eruption took place
> > > > >
> > > > > No.  I am no vulcanologist.  I do not place
> > the
> > > eruption of Thera at all.
> > > > > Don't confuse me with Manfred Bietak.  I have
> > > used the eruption as a "marker"
> > > > > for nothing.  The only thing I did in my book
> > > was discuss the theories of others
> > > > > as to whether this "tempest" described at
> > Karnak
> > > by Ahmose (and also hinted
> > > > > at by the pRhind when the onslaught of the
> > > Hyksos strongholds took place) can
> > > > > have had anything to do with the final
> > eruption
> > > of Thera in antiquity--and the
> > > > > phenomena described in the BOE.  Some say
> > > "yes"--others "no".  It has become
> > > > > an ongoing debate in the journals.  I tend to
> > > side with the "yes"
> > > > > contingent--because I have faith that the
> > Torah
> > > would not describe things that seem so
> > > > > connected with a natural disaster for no
> > reason
> > > at all.  Hail, raining soot and
> > > > > darkness for three days don't happen every day
> > > in Egypt.
> > > > --
> > > >
> > >
> >
> ___________________________________________________________
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> === message truncated ===
>
>
> =====
> Prof. Kevin W. Woodruff, M. Div., M. S. I. S.
> Library Director/Reference Librarian, Professor of Bible and Greek
> Tennessee Temple University/Temple Baptist Seminary, 1815 Union Ave.
> Chattanooga, Tennessee 37404, United States of America
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