permaculture

["Lawrence F. London, Jr." <lflj@intrex.net>]

<http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/7196702.stm>
Last Updated: Saturday, 19 January 2008, 00:15 GMT
Medical plants 'face extinction'
Magnolia
Magnolias are one of hundreds of plants under threat
Hundreds of medicinal plants are at risk of extinction, threatening the discovery of future cures for disease, according 
to experts.

Over 50% of prescription drugs are derived from chemicals first identified in 
plants.

But the Botanic Gardens Conservation International said many were at risk 
from over-collection and deforestation.

Researchers warned the cures for things such as cancer and HIV may become "extinct 
before they are ever found".

The group, which represents botanic gardens across 120 countries, surveyed over 600 of its members as well as leading 
university experts.

        
MIRACLE CURES MOST AT RISK
Yew tree - Cancer drug paclitaxel is derived from the bark, but it takes six trees to create a single dose so growers 
are struggling to keep up
Hoodia - Plant has sparked interest for its ability to suppress appetite, but vast quantities have already been "ripped 
from the wild" as the search for the miracle weight drug continues
Magnolia - Has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for 5,000 years as it is believed to help fight cancer, 
dementia and heart disease. Half the world's species threatened, mostly due to deforestation
Autumn crocus - Romans and Greeks used it as poison, but now one of the most effective treatments for gout. Under threat 
from horticulture trade

They identified 400 plants that were at risk of extinction.

These included yew trees, the bark of which forms the basis for one of the world's most widely used cancer drugs, 
paclitaxel.

Hoodia, which originally comes from Namibia and is attracting interest from drug firms looking into develop weight loss 
drugs, is on the verge of extinction, the report said.

And half of the world's species of magnolias are also under threat.

The plant contains the chemical honokiol, which has been used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat cancers and slow 
down the onset of heart disease.

The report also said autumn crocus, which is a natural treatment for gout and has been linked to helping fight 
leukaemia, is at risk of over-harvest as it is popular with the horticultural trade because of its stunning petals.

Many of the chemicals from the at-risk plants are now created in the lab.

But the report said as well as future breakthroughs being put at risk, the situation was likely to have a consequence in 
the developing world.

It said five billion people still rely on traditional plant-based medicine as 
their primary form of health care.

Report author Belinda Hawkins said: "The loss of the world's medicinal plants may not always be at the forefront of the 
public consciousness.

"However, it is not an overstatement to say that if the precipitous decline of these species is not halted, it could 
destabilise the future of global healthcare."

And Richard Ley, of the Association of the British Pharmaceutical Industry, added: "Nature has provided us with many of 
our medicines.

"Scientists are always interested in what they can provide and so it is worry that 
such plants maybe at risk."

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Association of the British Pharmaceutical Industry
Botanic Gardens Conservation International
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Medical plants 'face extinction'