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  • From: Lawrence London <lfljvenaura@gmail.com>
  • To: machinist@lists.ibiblio.org
  • Subject: [machinist] F&D Tool - Carbide & High Speed Cutting Tools
  • Date: Tue, 29 Jan 2013 22:14:23 -0500


F&D Tool - Carbide & High Speed Cutting Tools
http://www.fdtool.com/cubecart/index.php?_a=speeds

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Catalog Page #:









Call
1-800-338-6650
to order
SPEEDS & FEEDS



FEEDS & SPEEDS FOR MILLING CUTTERS


The proper selection of feeds and speeds is the most important factor in the economical application of any cutting tool.

Speed is generally known as the rate of peripheral speed in terms of surface feet per minute (SFM). SFM is usually converted to revolutions per minute as shown in formula Table 1.

Feed is generally shown as feed in inches per revolution or as feed per tooth in inches (FPT).

The initial choise of feeds or speeds will be at the lower of high values of the ranges listed depending upon the following variables.

FEED
Use lower feed range for:
Saws, End Mills, and Form Cutters
Fine tooth cutters
Frail and small cutters
Light and finishing cuts
Deep slots
Hard to machine materials
Frail set-ups
Use higher feed range for:
Face and Slab milling
Coarse tooth cutters
Rugged cutters
Heavy roughing cuts
Abrasive materials
East to machine materials
Rigid set-ups


SPEED
Use lower feed range for:
Heavy cuts
Hard materials
Tough materials
Abrasive materials
Maximum cutter life
Minimum tool wear
Use higher feed range for:
Light cuts
Softer materials
Non-metallics
Frail work piece or set-up
Maximum production rates
Better finishes
Hand feed operations
Higher rakes (HSS cutters)


FEED, SPEED, AND HORSEPOWER CALCULATIONS


Modern milling cutters capable of operation at higher feeds and speeds, and removing more cubic inches of metal per minute, require greater machine rigidity and more power. Therefore it is important to ascertain that sufficient power is available to handle the desired depth and width of cut at the higher feeds and speeds.

The following formulae are suggested for the calculation on feeds and speeds plus horespower requirements.

T = Number of teeth in cutter
D = Cutter Diameter in inches
RPM = Revolutions pet minute
SFM = Surface feet per minute
F = Feed in inches per minute
f = Feed per tooth in inches
W = Width of cut
d = Depth of cut
HP = Motor Horsepower
C = Machinability constant*




*Machinability constant values for various materials are based on removing one cubic inch of metal per minute per horsepower with 60% power efficiency at the spindle nose and a 25% allowance for cutter dulling.
Aluming, Magnesium, Dural
Brass
Soft Bronze, Copper
Cast Iron
Steel up to 150 Brinell, Malleable Iron
Steel, 300 Brinell, Hard Bronze
Steel, 400 Brinell
4.0 plus
2.5
2.0
1.5
.75
.6
.5

TABLE 1

. SPEED FEED
TYPE OF MATERIAL HSS CARBIDE HSS CARBIDE
Aluminum, Magnesium
Brass & Bronze - Soft
Brass & Bronze - Hard
Copper
Cast Iron - Soft
Cast Iron - Hard
600 & Up
250 - 300
150 - 200
150 - 200
75 - 100
50 - 75
1000 & Up
1000 & Up
400
1000 & Up
250 - 350
200 - 250
.005-.025
.005-.020
.003-.010
.005-.015
.005-.015
.003-.008
.005-.030
.010-.020
.005-.010
.005-.015
.010-.022
.005-.010
Steel        
100 Brinell
200 Brinell
300 Brinell
125 - 175
70 - 90
40 - 50
450 - 600
350 - 450
200 - 250
.004-.010
.004-.010
.003-.005
.005-.020
.005-.010
.005-.010
Stainless Steel        
Hard
Others
35 - 70
70 - 105
250 - 400
250 - 400
.003-.005
.003-.005
.003-.012
.003-.012
Titanium        
Under 100,000 PSI
100,000 to 135,000 PSI
1,350 PSI & Over
35 - 55
25 - 35
15 - 25
150 - 180
120 - 150
80 - 120
.003-.005
.002-.005
.001-.005
.004-.008
.003-.008
.002-.008
High Temperature Alloys        
Ferritic Low Alloys
Austenitic Alloys
Nickel Base Alloys
Cobalt Base Alloys
40 - 60
20 - 30
5 - 20
5 - 10
150 - 300
100 - 235
50 - 150
50 - 100
.002-.005
.001-.004
.001-.003
.001-.003
.003-.008
.002-.006
.002-.006
.002-.006
High Temperature Alloys        
180,000 - 220,000 PSI
220,000 - 260,000 PSI
260,000 - 300,000 PSI
25 - 40
10 - 25
6 - 10
120 - 150
80 - 120
50 - 100
.002-.005
.001-.005
.001-.003
.003-.008
.002-.008
.002-.006


The selction of initial feed within each range will vary with the type of operation. The following is an example of the starting feed for HSS Cutters in mild steel.

Type of Cut Starting Feed
per Tooth
Face Milling
Straddle Milling
Channel or Slot Milling
Slab Milling
Sawing
.008
.008
.008
.007
.002


Feeds for End Mills will vary between .0002 and .003 feed per tooth depending upon the size, material and depth of cut. End Mills are unsupported on the cutting edge and will deflect under heavy chip loads. The amount of deflection permitted will determine the "feed per tooth" selected. It should be noted, however, that a thick chip is desirable as a very fine feed can cause rapid cutting edge wear.
Starting speeds and feeds for "Ruffer" end mills should be the same as for standard end mills. However, because of their lower cutting forces and chatter-free operation, the table feed can often be increased up to 2 or 3 times greater than that used for standard end mills.

TABLE OF CUTTING SPEEDS

http://www.fdtool.com/cubecart/cutterdata.html

Surface Feet per Minute
  15' 20' 25' 30' 35' 40' 45' 50' 60' 70' 80' 90' 100' 110' 120' 130' 140'  
Diameter
in inches
Revolutions per Minute Diameter
in inches
1/64 3667 4890 6112 7334 8559 9779 11002 12224 14669 17114 19558 22003 24448 26893 29338 31782 34227 1/64
1/32 1834 2445 3056 3667 4278 4890 5501 6112 7334 8557 9779 11002 12224 13446 14669 15891 17114 1/32
3/64 1222 1630 2037 2445 2852 3260 3667 4075 4890 5705 6519 7334 8149 8964 9779 10594 11409 3/64
1/16 917 1222 1528 1833 2139 2445 2750 3056 3667 4278 4889 5500 6112 6723 7333 7945 8556 1/16
3/32 611 815 1019 1222 1426 1630 1834 2037 244 2852 3260 3667 4075 4482 4890 5297 5705 3/32
1/8 458 611 764 917 1070 1222 1375 1528 1833 2139 3445 2750 3056 3361 3667 3973 4278 1/8
5/32 367 489 611 733 856 978 1100 1222 1467 1711 1956 2200 2445 2689 2934 3178 3423 5/32
3/16 306 407 509 611 713 815 917 1019 1222 1426 1630 1833 2037 2241 2445 2648 2852 3/16
1/4 229 306 382 458 535 611 688 764 917 1070 1222 1375 1528 1681 1833 1986 2139 1/4
5/16 183 244 306 367 428 489 550 611 733 856 978 1100 1222 1345 1467 1589 1711 5/16
3/8 153 204 255 306 357 407 458 509 611 713 815 917 1019 1120 1222 1324 1426 3/8
7/16 131 175 218 262 306 349 393 437 524 611 698 786 873 960 1048 1135 1222 7/16
1/2 115 153 191 229 267 306 344 382 458 535 611 688 764 840 917 993 1070 1/2
5/8 92 122 153 183 214 244 275 306 367 428 489 550 611 672 733 794 856 5/8
3/4 76 102 127 153 178 204 229 255 306 357 407 458 509 560 611 662 713 3/4
7/8 66 87 109 131 153 175 196 218 262 306 349 393 473 480 524 568 611 7/8
1 57 76 96 115 134 153 172 191 229 267 306 344 382 420 458 479 535 1
1 1/8 51 68 85 102 119 136 153 170 204 238 272 306 340 373 407 441 475 1 1/8
1 1/4 46 61 76 92 107 122 138 153 183 214 244 275 306 336 367 397 428 1 1/4
1 3/8 42 56 70 83 97 111 125 139 167 194 222 250 278 306 333 361 389 1 3/8
1 1/2 38 51 64 76 89 102 115 127 153 178 204 229 255 280 306 331 357 1 1/2
1 5/8 35 47 59 71 82 94 106 118 141 165 188 212 235 259 282 306 329 1 5/8
1 3/4 33 44 55 66 76 87 98 109 131 153 175 196 218 240 262 284 306 1 3/4
1/7/8 31 41 51 61 71 82 92 102 122 143 163 183 204 224 244 265 285 1/7/8
2 29 38 48 57 67 76 86 96 115 134 153 172 191 210 229 248 267 2
2 1/4 26 34 42 51 59 68 76 85 102 119 136 153 170 187 204 221 238 2 1/4
2 1/2 23 31 38 46 54 61 69 76 92 107 122 138 153 168 183 199 214 2 1/2
2 3/4 21 28 35 42 49 56 62 70 83 97 111 125 139 153 167 181 194 2 3/4
3 19 26 32 38 45 51 57 64 76 89 102 115 127 140 153 166 178 3
3 1/4 18 24 29 35 41 47 53 59 71 82 94 106 118 129 141 153 165 3 1/4
3 1/2 16 22 27 33 38 44 49 55 66 76 87 98 109 120 131 142 153 3 1/2
3 3/4 15 20 26 31 36 41 46 51 61 71 81 92 102 112 122 132 143 3 3/4
4 14 19 24 29 33 38 43 48 57 67 76 86 96 105 115 124 134 4
4 1/2 13 17 21 26 30 34 38 42 51 59 68 76 85 93 102 110 119 4 1/2
5 12 15 19 23 27 31 34 38 46 54 61 69 76 84 92 99 107 5
5 1/2 10 14 17 21 24 28 31 35 42 49 56 63 70 76 83 90 97 5 1/2
6 10 13 16 19 22 26 29 32 38 45 51 57 64 70 76 83 89 6
6 1/2 9 12 15 18 21 24 26 29 35 41 47 53 59 65 71 76 82 6 1/2
7 8 11 14 16 19 22 25 27 33 38 44 49 55 60 66 71 76 7
7 1/2 8 10 13 15 18 20 23 26 31 36 41 46 51 56 61 66 71 7 1/2
8 7 10 12 14 17 19 22 24 29 33 38 43 48 53 57 62 67 8
8 1/2 7 9 11 14 16 18 20 23 27 32 36 40 45 49 54 58 63 8 1/2
9 6 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 26 30 34 38 42 47 51 55 59 9
9 1/2 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 56 9 1/2
10 6 8 10 12 13 15 17 19 23 27 31 34 38 42 46 50 54 10
11 5 7 9 10 12 14 16 17 21 24 28 31 35 38 42 45 49 11
12 5 6 8 10 11 13 14 16 19 22 26 29 32 35 38 41 45 12
  15' 20' 25' 30' 35' 40' 45' 50' 60' 70' 80' 90' 100' 110' 120' 130' 140'  




  • [machinist] F&D Tool - Carbide & High Speed Cutting Tools, Lawrence London, 01/29/2013

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