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  • From: "Peter Kirk" <Peter_Kirk AT sil.org>
  • To: "Henry Churchyard" <churchh AT usa.net>, "Biblical Hebrew" <b-hebrew AT franklin.oit.unc.edu>
  • Subject: Re: Vowel Reduction and the Definite Article
  • Date: Mon, 4 Sep 2000 13:32:18 +0100


Thank you, Henry. Well, my phonological case is not as strong as I thought,
because the rule I learned that propretonic qamets is shortened seems to be
very far from absolute. Though I don't think I was ever suggesting anything
more than a "sporadic irregular diachronic change".

Is there in fact a sub-class of words in which qamets does not reduce as a
rule? I don't have my grammar books at hand to check for this rule.

Peter Kirk

----- Original Message -----
From: "Henry Churchyard" <churchh AT usa.net>
To: "Biblical Hebrew" <b-hebrew AT franklin.oit.unc.edu>
Sent: Sunday, September 03, 2000 1:06 AM
Subject: Re: Vowel Reduction and the Definite Article


> >>> From: Peter Kirk
>
> >>> I would actually lean towards the phonological argument I mention
> >>> there. I suggest that the original was baaree'shiyt (absolute
> >>> with article), with three long vowels. The Samaritan
> >>> pronunciation apparently supports this. But the rather anomalous
> >>> qamets two syllables before the stress (a position where it is
> >>> usually replaced by a schwa) became shortened, in the Jewish
> >>> pronunciation tradition of this obviously well known word, to a
> >>> schwa.
>
> >> From: "George Athas" <gathas AT globalfreeway.com.au>
>
> >> But is the definite article reducible. I know that qamets is
> >> reducible in propretonic position, but does this also encompass the
> >> definite article when it has been lengthened to qamets? Or, put
> >> another way, do we reduce vowels first and then add the definite
> >> article, or do we add the definite article and then reduce vowels?
>
> > From: "Peter Kirk" <Peter_Kirk AT sil.org>
>
> > Probably normally we reduce vowels first then add the definite
> > article. But when we do add a definite article and end up with a
> > propretonic qamets (quite a rare situation), we end up with
> > something which would have sounded rather oddly heavy to Hebrew
> > ears, and it would not be surprising if reduction crept in here,
> > especially in such a prominent position. But I would value input
> > from an expert on Hebrew phonology. Henry, where are you?
>
> Well, to have unreduced long _aa_ in an open syllable which is
> separated by at least one unreduced syllable from the word's main
> stress is somewhat infrequent within words without prefixed clitics --
> but such unreduced _aa_ vowels are in fact extremely common when
> clitics such as the definite article (or the waC- of wayyiqtol) occur
> before a guttural consonant or _r_.
>
> A reduction of b- + (h)aC- + reeshiit > b@reeshiit (where haC-, with
> "C"=assimilating consonant, is the apparent underlying/reconstructed
> phonological shape of the definite article) could not be done by
> normal strictly-synchronic phonological processes; if such a thing
> happened, it would have to be a sporadic irregular diachronic change.
>
> I couldn't really say beforehand exactly how unusual such long _aa_
> vowels in an open "propretonic" syllable really are in non-clitic
> contexts, so I decided to do a search.
>
> The list of cases I found is attached below. Excluded are forms where
> such _qames._ occurs only in a clitic prefix (definite article or
> conjunction), forms of _qodashim_ and _shorashim_ etc. where the
> _qames._ under the first root consonant is probably a _qames. qat.an_
> (short o) rather than long aa, and finally w@qaataltaa/w@qaataltii
> forms with shifted stress (where the _qames._ is in the syllable
> directly preceding the unshifted stress position, and so is not really
> "propretonic" in the relevant sense):
>
> ===========================================
>
> Forms that I didn't notice to be proper names, or to have _qames._ in
> certain highly specialized phonological/morphological environments:
>
> 2Ch12. 3 p:ArASi2ym
> 2Sa 8. 4 p:ArASi3ym
> 1Sa13. 5 p:ArASi3ym
> Eze23.12 p:ArASi3ym
> 2Ch 9.25 p:ArASi2ym
> 2Sa10.18 p:ArASi2ym
> Eze23. 6 p:ArASi3ym
> 2Ch 1.14 p:ArASi2ym
> 1Kg 5. 6 p:ArASi1ym;
> Isa31. 1 p:A8rASiym_4
> 2Kg13. 7 p:A8rASiym_4
> Isa22. 6 p:A8rASi2ym
> Isa21. 7 p:A8rASi3ym
> Isa21. 9 p:A8rASi2ym
> 1Ch18. 4 p:A8rASi3ym
> 1Kg10.26 p:A8rASi2ym
> Eze26. 7 uwb.pArASi3ym
> Jos24. 6 uwb.pArASi3ym
> Hos 1. 7 uwb.pArASi1ym;
> Joe 2. 4 uwk.pArASi3ym
> Isa36. 9 uwl.pArASi1ym;
> 2Ch16. 8 uwl.pArASi3ym
> 2Kg18.24 uwl.pArASi1ym;
> Ezr 8.22 uwpArASi3ym
> 1Ch19. 6 uwpArASi1ym;
> 1Kg20.20 uwpArASi1ym;
> Eze38. 4 uwpArASi4ym
> Neh 2. 9 uwpArASi1ym;
> 2Ch 8. 6 hap:ArASi2ym
> 2Sa 1. 6 hap:ArASi3ym
> 1Kg 9.19 hap:ArASi2ym
> Jer46. 4 hap:A6rASi3ym
> Exo14.28 w.'Et-hap:A6rASi3ym
> Isa22. 7 w.hap:A6rASi3ym
> Dan11.40 uwb.pA6rASi3ym
> Gen50. 9 g:am-p:ArASi2ym
> 1Kg 1. 5 uwpA6rASi3ym
> 2Kg22. 6 lEHA6rASi3ym
> Eze27.14 uwpA8rASiym_4
> Hab 1. 8 p:A8rASA2yw
> Exo14.23 uwpArASA2yw
> 1Kg 9.22 uwpArASA1yw;
> 2Kg13.14 uwpArASA1yw;
> Exo14. 9 uwpArASA3yw
> 2Ch 8. 9 uwpArASA1yw;
> Isa28.28 uwpArASA3yw
> 2Kg 2.12 uwpA6rASA3yw
> Hab 1. 8 uwpA8rASAyw_4
> Exo15.19 uwb.pArASAyw_4
> Exo14.17 uwb.pArASA1yw;
> Exo14.18 uwb.pArASA1yw;
> 1Sa 8.11 uwb.pArASA3yw
> Exo14.26 w.`al-p:ArASA1yw;
>
> Jer 2.19 rA`Ate4k
> Eze16.23 rA`Ate2k
> Jer22.22 rA`Ate1k;
> Jer 4.18 rA`Atek_4
> Isa47.10 b.rA`Ate4k
> Jer 3. 2 uwb.rA`Ate1k;
> Jer11.15 rA`Ate3kiy
> Num35.23 rA`Ato1w;
> Jer18. 8 merA6`Ato3w
> Jer23.14 merA8`Ato2w
> Jon 4. 6 merA8`Ato2w
> Jer 8. 6 `al-rA6`Ato3w
> Jer48.16 w.rA6`Ato3w
> Qoh 7.15 b:.rA`Ato1w;
> Obad 13 b:.rA`Ato3w
> 2Sa 3.39 k:.rA`Ato1w;
> Qoh 5.12 l.rA`Ato1w;
> Jer 6. 7 rA`AtA2h:
> Lam 1.22 rA`AtA6m
> Jer 1.16 rA`AtA2m
> Jer44. 3 rA`AtA4m
> Hos 9.15 rA`AtA6m
> Jer33. 5 rA`AtA1m;
> Jer11.12 rA`AtA1m;
> Jer11.14 rA`AtA1m;
> Joe 4.13 rA`AtA1m;
> Jer51.24 rA`AtA4m
> Jon 1. 2 rA`AtA3m
> Jer23.11 rA`AtA3m
> Hos 7. 2 rA`AtA3m
> Est 9. 2 rA8`AtA2m
> Jer 2.27 rA8`AtAm_4
> Jer44. 5 merA8`AtA2m
> Jer14.16 'Et-rA`AtA1m;
> Hos 7. 3 b:.rA`AtA3m
> Nah 3.19 rA`At.kA3
> 1Kg 2.44 'Et-rA`At.kA3
> 1Sa24.10 rA`AtE1kA;
> Jer 2.28 rA`AtE2kA
> 2Sa16. 8 b:.rA6`AtE3kA
> Lam 1.21 rA8`Atiy_4
> Num11.15 b:.rA`Ati1y;
> Hos10.15 rA8`at.kE2m
> 1Sa12.17 k:i8y-rA`at.kE6m
> Jer44. 9 rA`o6tekE3m
> 1Sa10.19 rA`owteykE6m
> Eze20.43 rA`owteykE3m
>
> Isa39. 7 sAriysi3ym
> 2Kg 9.32 sAriysi1ym;
> 2Kg20.18 sA8riysi3ym
> Jer41.16 w.sA6risi3ym
> Jer34.19 has:A8risiym_4
> Est 1.10 has:A6riysi3ym
> Dan 1.11 has:A8riysi3ym
> Isa56. 4 las:A8riysiym_4
> Dan 1.10 has:Ariysiym_4
> Est 1.15 has:Ariysi1ym;
> Dan 1.18 has:Ariysi3ym
> Est 1.12 has:Ariysi2ym
> Dan 1. 7 has:Ariysi3ym
> Dan 1. 8 has:Ariysi3ym
> Dan 1. 9 has:Ariysi1ym;
> 1Ch28. 1 `im-has:Ariysi6ym
> Est 7. 9 min-has:Ariysi5ym
> Jer29. 2 w.has:Ariysi5ym
> Est 6. 2 sAriyse6y
> Est 6.14 w.sAriyse6y
> Est 4. 5 mis:Ariyse6y
> Est 2.21 S.ne8y-sAriyse6y
> Dan 1. 3 sAriysA2yw
> Gen40. 2 sAriysA2yw
> 1Sa 8.15 l.sAriysA3yw
> 2Kg24.12 w.sA8riysA2yw
> 2Kg24.15 w.'Et-sAriysA4yw
> Est 4. 4 w.sAriysE4yhA=4
>
> Eze21.36 HArASe3y
> Isa45.16 HArASe3y
> 2Kg12.12 l.HArASe6y
> 2Ch24.12 l.HArASe6y
> 1Ch22.15 w.HArASe6y
> 1Ch14. 1 w.HArASe6y
> 2Sa 5.11 w.HArASe6y
> 1Ch14. 1 w.HArASe3y
> 2Sa 5.11 w.HA8rASe3y
> 1Ch29. 5 HArASi2ym
> Zec 2. 3 HArASi1ym;
> Hos13. 2 HArASi3ym
> 2Ch24.12 w.HArASi3ym
> Isa44.11 w.HArASi6ym
> Ezr 3. 7 w.lEHArASi2ym
> 2Ch34.11 lEHA8rASiym_4
>
> Num33.52 b:AmotA3m
> Jer17. 3 b:AmotE3ykA
> Hab 3.19 b:Amowta3y
> 2Sa22.34 b:Amowta3y
> Eze43. 7 b:AmowtA1m;
> Deu33.29 `al-b:Amowte6ymow
> 2Sa 1.25 `al-b:AmowtE3ykA
> 2Sa 1.19 `al-b:AmowtE3ykA
> Isa36. 7 'Et-b:AmotA6yw
> 2Ch32.12 'Et-b:AmotA3yw
> 2Kg18.22 'Et-b:AmotA6yw
> Eze 6. 3 b:Amo8wteykE1m;
> Lev26.30 'Et-b:Amo8teykE4m
> Deu32.13 `al-**b:A6m.Atey
> Mic 1. 3 `al-**b:A6m.Atey
> Isa58.14 `al-**b:A6m.Atey
>
> Eze23.15 SAliSi3ym
> Eze23.23 SA8liSiym_4
> Exo14. 7 w.SAliSi3m
> Exo15. 4 SA8liSA3yw
> 2Ch 8. 9 SAliySA3yw
> 1Kg 9.22 w.SAliSA3yw
> 2Kg 9.25 **SA8liSo3w
> 2Kg15.25 SAliySo4w
> 2Sa23. 8 haS:AliSi4y
> 2Kg10.25 w.haS:A6liSi3ym
> 2Kg10.25 w.laS:AliSi5ym
> 1Sa18. 6 uwb.SAliSi1ym;
> 1Ch11.11 **haS:A6liySi3ym
>
> Dan 9.25 SAbu`i3ym
> Dan 9.24 SAbu`i6ym
> Dan10. 2 SAbu`i3ym
> Dan10. 3 SAbu`i3ym
> Deu16. 9 SAbu`o3t
> Deu16.10 SAbu`owt_4
> Deu16. 9 SAbu`o1wt;
> Exo34.22 SAbu`ot_4
> Dan 9.25 w.SAbu`i5ym
> Dan 9.26 haS:Abu`iym_4
> 2Ch 8.13 haS:Abu`o3wt
> Deu16.16 haS:Abu`o3wt
> Num28.26 b:.SAbu`o67teykE2m
>
> Isa17.10 mA`uz:e3k
> Isa17. 9 mA`uz:o4w
> Dan11.10 `ad-**mA`uz:o1w;
> Jer16.19 uwmA`uz:i4y
> Eze24.25 'Et-mA6`uwz:A3m
> 2Sa22.33 mA`uwz:i3y
> Isa27. 5 b:.mA`uwz:i3y
> Dan11.19 l.mA`uwz:e3y
> Dan11.39 mA8`uz:iym_4
> Dan11.38 mA8`uz:i3ym
> Neh 8.10 mA8`uz:.kE1m;
> Isa23.14 mA`uz:.kE1n;
> Isa23.11 mA`uz.nE1yhA;
>
> 1Kg14.26 mAgin:e6y
> 1Kg14.27 mAgin:e3y
> 2Ch12.10 mAgin:e3y
> 2Sa22. 3 mAgin:i5y
> Hos 4.18 mAgin:E1yhA;
> 2Ch12. 9 'Et-mAgin:e6y
> 2Ch26.14 mAgin:i6ym
> 2Ch 9.16 mA8gin:iym_4
> 1Kg10.17 mA8gin:iym_4
> 2Ch32. 5 uwmAgin:i1ym;
> 2Ch32.27 uwl.mA6gin:i3ym
> Neh 4.10 ham:Agin:i3ym
> 2Ch23. 9 w.'Et-ham:Agin:owt_4
>
> 1Sa15. 6 `.amAleqi4y
> 2Sa 1.13 `.amAleqi3y
> 2Sa 1. 8 `.amAleqi3y
> 1Sa30.13 `.amA8leqi3y
> 1Sa30. 1 wa`.amAleqi6y
> 1Sa15.15 me`.amAleqi6y
> Num14.43 hA`.amAleqi6y
> Gen14. 7 hA`.amAleqi2y
> Jud12.15 hA`.amAleqi1y;
> Num14.45 hA`.amAleqiy_4
> 1Sa27. 8 w.hA`.amAleqi2y
> Num14.25 w.hA8`.amAleqi6y
>
> Eze32.12 `Ariyce6y
> Eze30.11 `Ariyce6y
> Eze31.12 `Ariyce6y
> Eze28. 7 `Ariyce3y
> Jer15.21 `Arici1ym;
> Isa25. 4 `Ariyci3ym
> Isa13.11 `Ariyci3ym
> Isa25. 3 `Ariyci3ym
> Isa25. 5 `A8riyci3ym
> Isa29. 5 `A8riyci3ym
>
> Ezr 7. 6 b:aq:ASAto1w;
> Est 5. 7 uwbaq:ASAti1y;
> Est 7. 3 b:.baq:ASAti1y;
> Est 5. 8 'Et-b:aq:ASAti2y
> Est 9.12 uwmah-b:aq:ASAte6k
> Est 5. 3 uwmah-b:aq:ASAte4k
> Est 7. 2 uwmah-b:aq:ASAte4k
> Est 5. 6 uwmah-b:aq:ASAte4k
>
> Eze31.12 dAliy:owtA4yw
> Eze17. 6 d:Aliy:owtAyw_4
> Jer11.16 d:Aliy:owtA1yw;
> Eze17.23 d:Aliy:owtA3yw
> Eze19.11 d:Aliy:otA1yw;
> Eze31. 7 d:A8liy:owtA2yw
> Eze31. 9 d:A8liy:owtA2yw
> Eze17. 7 w.dA8liy:owtAyw_4
>
> Jos 3.17 b:EHA6rAbA3h
> Jos 3.17 b:EHA7rAbA4h
> Eze30.12 HA8rAbA3h
> Gen 7.22 b:EHA8rAbA3h
> 2Kg 2. 8 b:EHArAbA1h;
> Jos 4.18 hEHArAbA2h
> Hag 2. 6 w.'Et-hEHArAbA1h;
> Exo14.21 lEHArAbA2h
>
> Isa 3. 4 $AreyhE2m
> Hos 7.16 $AreyhE3m
> Hos 9.15 $AreyhE3m
> Jer 2.26 $A8reyhE3m
> Jer32.32 $A8reyhE3m
> Jer17.25 w.$A6reyhE3m
> Jud 5.29 $ArowtE3yhA
> Isa49.23 w.$Aro8wteyhEm_4
>
> Gen35. 3 cA8rAti3y
> 1Sa 1. 6 cA8rAtAh:_4
> Neh 9.27 cA8rAtAm_4
> Isa63. 9 cArAtA5m!
> Jud10.14 cArat.kE1m;
> Isa46. 7 mic:ArAto3w
> 2Ch20. 9 mic:ArAte3nuw
>
> Lev 6. 8 'az.k:ArAtA3h:
> Lev 2. 2 'Et-'az.k:ArAtAh:_4
> Lev 2.16 'Et-'az.k:ArAtA4h:
> Lev 5.12 'Et-'az.k:ArAtAh_4
> Lev 2. 9 'Et-'az.k:A6rAtA3h:
> Num 5.26 'Et-'az.k:A6rAtA3h:
>
> Exo38.19 wAweyhE6m
> Exo26.37 wAweyhE3m
> Exo26.32 wAweyhE3m
> Exo27.17 wAweyhE3m
> Exo36.36 wAweyhE3m
> Exo36.38 w.'Et-wA6weyhE3m
>
> Eze17.19 'A8lAtiy_4
> Gen24.41 me'AlAti1y;
> Gen24.41 me'A6lAti3y
> Eze17.16 'Et-'A6lAto3w
> Deu29.11 uwb.'AlAto2w
>
> Eze16.25 rA8mAte3k
> Eze16.31 w.rAmAte6k
> 1Ch27.27 hArA8mAti2y
> 1Sa 1. 1 min-hArAmAta4yim
> Eze16.39 rAmota3yik
>
> Eze39.23 cAreyhE3m
> Neh 9.27 cAreyhE1m;
> Neh 9.27 cA8reyhE3m
> Jer50. 7 w.cAreyhE6m
>
> Exo20. 5 tA`Ab.de2m=3
> Deu 5. 9 tA`Ab.de2m=3
> Exo23.24 tA8`Ab.de3m
> Deu13. 3 w.nA8`Ab.de1m;
>
> Eze 6. 6 Ham:A6neykE3m
> Lev26.30 'Et-Ham:A6neykE3m
> Eze 6. 4 Ham:A8neykE2m
>
> Exo 7.22 b:.lATeyhE2m
> Exo 8. 3 b:.lATeyhE2m
> Exo 8.14 b:.lATeyhE4m
>
> Eze42.11 mowcA6'eyhE3n
> Num33. 2 'Et-mowcA'eyhE4m
> Num33. 2 l.mowcA'eyhE1m;
>
> 2Kg 5. 6 mic:Ara`.t:o1w;
> 2Kg 5. 3 mic:Ara`.t:o1w;
> 2Kg 5. 7 mic:A8ra`.t:o2w
>
> Jer 7.11 p:Arici4ym
> Dan11.14 p:Ariyce6y
> Eze 7.22 p:Ariyci3ym
>
> Lev13.55 b:.qAraH.t:o3w
> Lev13.43 b:.qAraH.t:o3w
> Lev13.42 b:.qAraH.t:o3w
>
> Ezr 8.17 b:.kAsip.yA6'
> Ezr 8.17 b:.kAsip.yA3'
>
> Est 4. 7 p:ArASa6t
> Est10. 2 uwpArASat_4
>
> 2Ch31.12 **k:A8nan.yA6huw
> 2Ch31.13 **k:A8nan.yA4huw=4
>
> Lev13. 7 herA'oto4w
> Mal 3. 2 b:.herA8'owto2w
>
> Can 2.10 yApAti3y
> Can 2.13 yApAti3y
>
> Eze33.21 l.gAluwte2nuw
> Isa45.13 w.gAluwti6y
>
> Eze27.25 SArowta3yik
> Jer 5.10 b.SArowtE4yhA=4
>
> Mal 2. 2 'Arowti3yhA
> Mal 2. 2 w.'Arowti3y
>
> Exo25.29 q:.`ArotA5yw
> Exo37.16 'Et-q.`ArotA6yw
>
> 1Kg 6. 7 b:.hib:A6noto3w
> 1Kg 6. 7 b:.hib:Anoto1w;
>
> Exo40.37 he`Aloto1w;
> Num 9.22 uwb.he`Aloto3w
>
> 1Ch20. 6 l.hArApA1';
> 1Ch20. 8 l.hArApA3'
>
> 2Ch16. 7 b:.hiS:A6`En.kA5
> 2Ch16. 8 uwb.hiS:A8`En.kA6
>
> Isa65.23 w.cE'.EcA'eyhE3m
> Isa61. 9 w.cE'.EcA'eyhE3m
>
> Gen40.10 $Ariygi2m
> Joe 1. 7 $AriygE1yhA;
>
> 2Ch27. 4 b:i8yrAniy:o3wt
> 2Ch17.12 b:iyrAniy:o3wt
>
> Jon 1. 3 'Aniy:A5h!
> Eze27.29 me'Aniy:o8wteyhE4m
>
> 1Kg12.10 qA8TAn:i6y
> 2Ch10.10 qA8TAn:i6y
>
> Eze23.42 **sAbA'i3ym
> 1Sa25. 3 **kAlib:i1y;
> Eze41.26 w.hA`ub:i1ym;
> Eze26. 9 qA8bAl:o3w
> 1Ch 2.54 ham:AnaH.t:i3y
> Jud 6.17 SA'at:A3h
> Lam 4.10 raH.amA6niy:o3wt
> Zec 9.15 k:.zAwiy:o3wt
> Num11. 8 bAreHa4yim
> Jos19. 6 w.SA8ruwHE2n
> 2Kg15.10 qA8bAl.`A3m
> Isa30.15 t:iw:A6Se`u3wn
> Eze 2. 6 sArAbi6ym
> Num26.24 hay:ASuwbi2y
> Deu 4.26 t:iS:Amedu1wn;
> Eze27. 9 uwmal:A8HeyhEm_4
> Qoh 9. 1 wa`.abAdeyhE3m
> Exo32.25 b:.qAmeyhE1m;
> Est 3. 8 w.dAteyhE5m
> 2Kg 8.12 w.hAroteyhE3m
> Isa 1.15 uwb.pAri$.kE6m
> Hos13.14 qA8TAb.kA_4
> Deu20. 2 k:.qA8rAb.kE3m
> Eze28.16 wA8'ab:Ed.kA_4
> Deu28.20 hiS:A8mEd.kA6
> Eze21.29 hiz:A6kEr.kE3m
> Eze32. 6 cApAt.kA4
> Isa28.18 w.HAzuwt.kE6m
> Eze28.13 hib:Ara'.akA3
> Isa 1.18 H.aTA'eykE6m
> Jer27. 9 w.'El-k:aS:ApeykE2m
> Eze 6. 8 b:.hiz:Aro8wteykE3m
> Num26.13 haS:A'uwli1y;
> Num26.21 hEHAmuwli1y;
> 1Ch27.29 haS:Arowni2y
> Num26.12 hay:Akiyni1y;
> Num26.12 hay:Amiyni2y
> Jud 1.32 hA'A6Seri3y
> Isa 7.25 ye`A6deru3wn
> 2Sa20.26 hay:A6'iri3y
> Num26.29 ham:Akiyri3y
> Lam 3.59 `aw:A6tAti3y
> Jos 3.13 yik:A6retu3wn
> Mic 5. 1 uwmowcA'otA6yw
> Eze31. 4 w.'Et-t:.`AlotE6yhA
> Isa19.10 SAtotE3yhA
> Ezr 4. 7 **k:.nAwotA3yw
> Eze43.18 he`A8$owto2w
> Hos14. 1 w.hAriy:owtA3yw
> Eze35.12 nA'A8cowtE4ykA
> Est 2. 9 w.'Et-mAnowtE4hA=4
> 2Kg15.16 hEhA6rowtE3yhA
> Eze20.38 uwbArowti6y
> Zec 2. 4 l.zArowtA1h:;
> Eze32. 5 rAmuwtE1kA;
> Jud11.35 p:Aci6ytiy-piy_4
> Lev24. 5 w.'ApiytA6
>
> ===========================================
>
> Forms for which I happened to notice that _qames._ was in a
> phonologically-special environment (elided yodh, elided 'aleph, or
> preceding an _r_ middle radical in Pi``el verb form):
>
> 1Ch 6.45 `AreyhE4m
> Zep 3. 6 `AreyhE4m
> 1Ch 4.31 `AreyhE3m
> Lev25.34 `AreyhE3m
> Num31.10 `AreyhEm_4
> 2Ch31.19 `AreyhEm_4
> 1Ch10. 7 `AreyhEm_4
> Jos 9.17 'El-`AreyhE3m
> Jos11.21 `im-`AreyhE3m
> Num21. 2 'Et-`AreyhE1m;
> Num21. 3 w.'Et-`AreyhE2m
> 1Ch 9. 2 b:.`AreyhE2m
> Est 9. 2 b:.`AreyhE4m
> Neh 7.72 b:.`AreyhE2m
> 2Ch19.10 b:.`AreyhE4m
> Ezr 2.70 b:.`AreyhE2m
> Neh 7.72 b:.`AreyhE1m;
> Ezr 2.70 b:.`AreyhE1m;
> Deu19. 1 b.`AreyhE3m
> 2Ch31. 1 l.`AreyhE1m;
> Eze19. 7 w.`AreyhE3m
> Jos 9.17 w.`AreyhEm_4
> Jer36. 6 me`AreyhE3m
> 2Kg17. 9 `A6reyhE3m
> Jer 5. 6 `al-`A6reyhE3m
> Jos10.19 'El-`A6reyhE3m
> 2Kg17.29 b:.`A6reyhE3m
> Neh11. 3 b:.`A6reyhE3m
> 1Ch19. 7 me`A6reyhE3m
> Amo 4. 6 `A6reykE3m
> Deu 3.19 b:.`A6reykE3m
> 2Kg12. 8 mak:A8reykE3m
> Lev26.31 'Et-`A8reykEm_4
> Jer44.21 w.$AreykE3m
> Isa61. 5 'ik:AreykE3m
> Isa 1. 7 `AreykE3m
> Lev26.25 'El-`AreykE2m
> Jer40.10 b:.`AreykE6m
> Lev26.33 w.`AreykE3m
>
> Eze32.27 rA'SeyhE4m
> 1Ch12.33 rA'SeyhE6m
> Exo36.38 rA'SeyhE4m
> Exo38.19 rA'SeyhE4m
> Exo38.17 rA'SeyhE3m
> Exo38.28 rA'SeyhE3m
> Eze 7.18 rA'SeyhE3m
> Eze 1.22 `al-rA'SeyhE3m
> Eze23.42 `al-rA'SeyhE1n;
> Eze44.20 'Et-rA'SeyhE1m;
> 1Kg20.32 b:.rA'SeyhE4m
> Eze27.30 `al-rA6'SeyhE3m
> Eze23.15 b:.rA6'SeyhE3m
> 2Kg10. 7 'Et-rA8'SeyhEm_4
> Lev10. 6 rA7'SeykE6m
> Deu29. 9 rA'SeykE6m
> Eze24.23 `al-rA'SeykE4m
> Isa29.10 w.'Et-rA'SeykE6m
> Deu 1.13 b:.rA'SeykE1m;
>
> Rut 2. 4 y.bArEk.kA6
> Jer31.23 y.bArEk.kA6
> Deu23.21 y.bArEk.kA5
> Deu16.15 y.bArEk.kA5
> Num 6.24 y.bArEk.kA6
> Deu14.29 y.bArEk.kA_4
> Deu24.19 y.bArEk.kA_4
> Deu15.10 y.bArEk.kA_4
> Deu16.10 y.bArEk.kA3
> Deu14.24 y.bArEk.kA3
> Gen27.10 y.bArEk.kA3
> 2Kg 4.29 w.ki8y-y.bArEk.kA6
> Gen22.17 '.abArEk.kA4
> Gen12. 2 wa'.abA6rEk.kA3
> Gen27.25 t:.bA8rEk.kA3
> Deu15. 4 y.bA8rEk.kA_4
> Gen27. 4 t:.bArEk.kA6
>
> ===========================================
>
> Proper names:
>
> 1Ch27. 2 yA8SAb.`A3m
> 1Ch11.11 yASAb.`A6m
> 1Ch12. 7 w.yASAb.`A3m
>
> 2Sa23.30 p:ir.`A6toni3y
> 1Ch11.31 hap:ir.`Atoni1y;
> Jud12.15 hap:ir.`Atowni2y
> Jud12.13 hap:ir.`Atowni1y;
> 1Ch27.14 hap:ir.`Atowni3y
>
> 1Ch 4.21 mAreSA2h
> 1Ch 2.42 mAreSA3h
> Mic 1.15 mA8reSA2h
> Jos15.44 uwmA8re'SA2h
> 2Ch20.37 mim:A6reSA3h
> 2Ch14. 8 `ad-mAreSA1h;
> 2Ch11. 8 w.'Et-mAreSA3h
> 2Ch14. 9 l.mAreSA1h;
>
> Dan 8. 1 dAniy:e3'l
> Dan 8.27 dAniy:e4'l
> Dan12. 5 dAniy:e3'l
> Dan10. 7 dAniy:e6'l
> Dan 8.15 dAniy:e3'l
> Dan 1.21 d:A8niy:e3'l
> Dan 9. 2 d:A8niy:e3'l
> Dan12. 4 dA8niy:e4'l
> Dan10. 2 dA8niy:e'l_4
> Ezr 8. 2 d:Aniy:e2'l
> Dan 1. 6 d:Aniy:e6'l
> Dan12. 9 d:Aniy:e2'l
> Neh10. 7 d:Aniy:e6'l
> Dan 9.22 d:Aniy:e3'l
> 1Ch 3. 1 d:Aniy:e3'l
> Dan 1.11 d:Aniy:e3'l
> Dan10.11 d:Aniy:e6'l
> Dan 1. 8 d:Aniy:e'l_4
> Dan10. 1 l.dA8niy:e3'l
> Dan 1. 7 l.dA8niy:e5'l
> Dan 1.10 l.dA6niy:e3'l
> Dan 1. 9 'Et-d:A6niy:e3'l
> Dan 1.11 `al-d:Aniy:e6'l
> Dan 1.19 k:.dAniy:e6'l
> Dan 1.17 w.dAniy:e6'l
> Eze28. 3 **mid:A8niy'e2l
> Eze14.20 **d:Aniy'e6l
> Eze14.14 **d:Aniy'e6l
>
> 1Kg12. 2 yArAb.`A6m
> 2Kg 3. 3 yArAb.`A6m
> 1Kg16. 2 yArAb.`A4m
> 2Kg13. 2 yArAb.`A6m
> 1Kg14.17 yArAb.`A3m
> 1Kg15. 1 yArAb.`A6m
> 2Kg15.24 yArAb.`A6m
> 1Kg14. 2 yArAb.`A5m
> 2Ch13. 4 yArAb.`A6m
> 2Kg14.28 yArAb.`A5m
> Amo 7.11 yArAb.`A2m
> 1Kg21.22 yArAb.`A6m
> 1Kg14. 4 yArAb.`A3m
> 2Kg15.28 yArAb.`A6m
> 2Kg14.23 yArAb.`A6m
> 1Kg16.26 yArAb.`A6m
> 1Kg16.19 yArAb.`A3m
> 1Kg14. 2 yArAb.`A2m
> 2Ch10.12 yArAb.`A6m
> 2Ch10. 2 yArAb.`A6m
> 2Kg14.24 yArAb.`A6m
> 2Kg14.16 yArAb.`A6m
> 2Ch13. 1 yArAb.`A2m
> 2Kg23.15 yArAb.`A6m
> 2Kg17.21 yArAb.`A6m
> 1Kg16. 7 yArAb.`A2m
> 2Kg14.27 yArAb.`A6m
> 1Kg13. 4 yArAb.`A6m
> 1Kg16. 3 yArAb.`A6m
> Hos 1. 1 yArAb.`A6m
> 1Kg12.12 yArAb.`A6m
> 1Kg14. 6 yArAb.`A2m
> 1Kg14.10 yArAb.`A3m
> 2Kg15. 9 yArAb.`A6m
> 1Kg16.31 yArAb.`A6m
> 1Kg12.25 yArAb.`A6m
> 1Kg11.40 yArAb.`A4m
> 1Kg14. 5 yArAb.`A5m
> 1Kg15.34 yArAb.`A3m
> 2Kg13.11 yArAb.`A6m
> Amo 1. 1 yArAb.`A6m
> 2Kg10.29 yArAb.`A6m
> 2Ch13. 6 yArAb.`A6m
> 1Kg15.29 yArAb.`A3m
> 1Kg13.34 yArAb.`A2m
> 2Kg15.18 yArAb.`A6m
> 2Kg 9. 9 yArAb.`A6m
> 1Kg14.20 yArAb.`A3m
> 1Kg12.20 yArAb.`A3m
> 1Kg22.53 yArAb.`A6m
> 1Ch 5.17 yArAb.`A6m
> 1Kg14.13 yArAb.`A1m;
> 2Ch13. 2 yArAb.`A1m;
> 1Kg15. 7 yArAb.`A1m;
> 1Kg14.30 yArAb.`A3m
> 1Kg12. 2 yArAb.`A3m
> 2Kg17.22 yArAb.`A3m
> 2Ch13. 8 yArAb.`A3m
> 2Ch10. 2 yArAb.`A3m
> Amo 7. 9 yArAb.`A3m
> 2Ch10. 3 yArAb.`A3m
> 1Kg11.28 yArAb.`A3m
> 1Kg15. 6 yArAb.`A3m
> 1Kg13.33 yArAb.`A3m
> 1Kg12. 3 yArAb.`A3m
> 1Kg12.26 yArAb.`A3m
> 1Kg14.14 yArAb.`A3m
> 1Kg12.32 yArAb.`A6m|
> 1Kg15.30 yArAb.`Am_4
> 2Kg10.31 yA8rAb.`A3m
> 1Kg14.19 yA8rAb.`A3m
> 2Ch11.14 yA8rAb.`Am_4
> 2Kg14.29 yA8rAb.`Am_4
> 1Kg14.16 yA8rAb.`Am_4
> 2Ch13.15 'Et-yA8rAb.`Am_4
> 1Kg14.11 l.yA8rAb.`A6m
> 1Kg11.31 l.yA8rAb.`A3m
> 1Kg14.10 l.yA8rAb.`Am_4
> 2Ch13.13 w.yA8rAb.`A4m
> 1Kg11.29 w.yA8rAb.`A3m
> 1Kg14. 7 l.yArAb.`A4m
> 1Kg15.29 l.yArAb.`A3m
> 1Kg15. 9 l.yArAb.`A3m
> 2Kg15. 1 l.yArAb.`A3m
> 1Kg14.13 l.yArAb.`A3m
> 2Ch13. 3 w.yArAb.`A4m
> 1Kg13. 1 w.yArAb.`A4m
> 2Kg13.13 w.yArAb.`A3m
> 2Ch12.15 w.yArAb.`A3m
> 2Ch 9.29 `al-yArAb.`A3m
> Amo 7.10 'El-yArAb.`A6m
> 2Ch11. 4 'El-yArAb.`A1m;
> 1Kg12.15 'El-yArAb.`A3m
> 2Ch10.15 'El-yArAb.`A3m
> 1Kg15.25 b:En-yArAb.`A4m
> 2Kg15. 8 bEn-yArAb.`A6m
> 1Kg14. 1 bEn-yArAb.`A1m;
> 2Kg13. 6 b:eyt-yArAb.`A4m
> 1Kg14.10 beyt-yArAb.`A3m
> 2Kg17.21 'Et-yArAb.`A6m
> 1Kg11.40 'Et-yArAb.`A2m
> 2Ch13.20 k:o8aH-yArAb.`A4m
>
> ===========================================
>
> --
> Henry Churchyard churchh AT usa.net http://www.crossmyt.com/hc/
>
> ---
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