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- From: Lloyd Barre <barre AT c-zone.net>
- To: "B-Hebrew" <b-hebrew AT franklin.oit.unc.edu>
- Cc:
- Subject: The Composition of the Song of the Sea
- Date: 28 Feb 99 11:58:15 -0800
Dear Literary Critics:
Thesis: The Song of the Sea in Ex 15:3-18 is a conflation of two "songs." The Song of the Sea proper is found in Ex 15:1b, 4-5, 8-11, 12. The other, which I will call the "Song of the Divine Warrior," is found in 2-3, 7-8, 11, 13-18. he has covered himself in glory. Horse and rider he has thrown into the sea. The chariots and army of Pharaoh he hurled into the sea. His choice horses were drowned in the Sea of Reeds. The depths closed over them. They sunk to the bottom like a stone. A blast from your nostrils and the waters piled high; the waves stood upright like a dike. The enemy said, "I will give chase. I will overtake. I shall draw my sword. my hand will destroy them. I will divide the spoil, my desire will feast on it." One breath of yours your blew, and the sea closed over them; they sank like lead into the terrible waters. You stretched forth your right hand; the earth swallowed them up. [missing concluding doxology] Yah is my strength, my song. He is my salvation. This is my god; I will praise him; the god of my father, I will extol him. Yahweh is a warrior! Yahweh is his name! Your right hand, O Yahweh, shows majestic in power, Your right hand, O Yahweh, shattered the enemy. So great is your splendor, you have crushed your foes. You unleashed your fury, and it devoured them like stubble. Who among the gods is like you, O Yahweh? Who is like you, uniquely majestic? Awesome in mighty acts, a worker of wonders? By your grace you led the people you liberated, by your strength you guided them to your holy sanctuary. Hearing of this, the peoples trembled: pangs [of dread] seized the rulers of Philistia. Edom's chieftains became dismayed. The princes of Moab fell into trembling, The enthroned of Canaan lost their courage. You brought down on them terror and dread. By your great power they were struck numb like a stone, when your people marched through, O Yahweh, when your people marched through whom you had mustered. You brought them, you planted them in your mountain of choice, the place you made your dwelling O Yahweh, the sanctuary, O Yahweh, you prepared for yourself. Yahweh will reign forever and ever! I am offering this thesis as an illustration of how my new understanding of the syncretistic nature of Israelite tradition and religion impacts Old Testament research. Imagine the effect that this conclusion regarding the composition of Ex 15:3-18 is proven to be merely viable, which it is. Since it deals with the most basic exegetical issue of defining the literary unit, all subsequent interpretative issues are dependent upon its validity. An assessment of the thesis as the most probable interpre! tation will mean that all past research which regards it as compositionally unified is thus fatally flawed and research of the Song, now songs, must begin anew. This, I submit, is our present situation with regard to the interpretation of ancient Palestinian traditions and religions as a whole. Like the Song, they have been "redacted" through syncretistic mechanisms such as we find here. Such a radical reorientation and redefinition of the object of Old Testament research constitutes a new paradigm (Thomas Kuhn). It is analogous in scope to Wellhausen's introduction of the Documentary Hypothesis to the discipline. As such, to ignore it is to sacrifice scholarly credibility, and this&nbs! p; amounts to academic suicide. Further, it cannot be ignored on the basis of its author's credentials. Thus, as a colleague of the scholarly community, I am afraid I am going to have to insist that they answer my thesis that we are dealing with syncreticism. To that end, I have introduced my thesis to several noted scholars in England, Denmark, Germany and the United States. Both heads of the Society of Biblical Literature and the Catholic Biblical Association of America now know of my ideas. I wil! l also make special mention of Frank Moore Cross and Norman Gottwald, not only because of their influence but also because the thesis strongly impacts some of their most famous works--Cross's Canaanite Myth and Hebrew Epic and Gottwald's The Tribes of Yahweh. Those contacted know that they are required to respond. That is how the game is played. In effect, I am doing what I did here--calling for a vote and calling for the reasoning behind it. Three options are before the scholarly community: accept, reject&nb! sp;with explanation, or reject implicitly by a failure to address the issue that is conveniently focused in an interpretation of Ex 6:3. The result will be a division into those who adhere to either the old paradigm or the new not unlike Wellhausen's thesis regarding the composition of the Pentateuch--either Mosaic authorship or the Documentary Hypothesis, or no opinion whatsoever. By the way, you are faced with the same decision. Respectfully submitted, Lloyd M. Barre, Ph.D. barre AT c-zone.net angelfire.com/ca2/AncientIsrael |
- The Composition of the Song of the Sea, Lloyd Barre, 02/28/1999
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