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[Jwlehman@aol.com]

Steve,

I believe you are making a huge mistake burying graft unions. In addition 
to cloning another reason for rootstocks can be disease resistance, dwarfing, 
increased nutrition uptake and structural support. Burying the graft union 
will negate those advantages in many cases. 

Let me give you 4 examples:

Bud-9 imparts some (1) Fireblight resistance to many apple varieties as 
well as (2) growth control (dwarfing). Malus does root very easy and by 
burying 
the graft union the variety will take root and you will likely lose the 
Fireblight resistance as well as the size control.  

(3) Phytophthora or root rot and (4) nematodes can be a severe problem in 
Prunus. Many root stocks give the grafted variety resistance to one or both. 
Burying the graft union increases the exposure to both. 

Jerry
>From sdw12986@aol.com  Fri May 31 12:04:07 2013
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Date: Fri, 31 May 2013 12:03:57 -0400
From: Steve <sdw12986@aol.com>
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Subject: [nafex] European Apple Sawfly
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Last spring, my apples were quite over run by sawflys. I promised myself 
that this year, I would spray soon after petal fall to knock the 
population back down. The last of the petals fell off earlier this week.

I have Sevin (Carbaryl) and it is one of the pesticides recommended for 
European Apple Sawfly.

Sevin is also sometimes used to make apples drop to avoid hand thinning.

Does anyone here know (not guess) that apples will not be excessively 
thinned if Sevin is sprayed when the apples are not much bigger that a 
pea? Does Sevin work better to thin apples later during the normal June 
drop time and not so much early?

Steve in the Adirondacks

PS  Last Saturday it was in the 30s all day, maybe hit 40 for a few 
minutes. Today (six days later), I'm sitting here sweating. It's humid 
and heading into the mid 80s.