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  Quebec Belle is an apple variety of unknown parentage that has some of the attributes of Northern Spy for those in more northerly areas where Spy winterkills.

  Newtosh is a Mac x Yellow Newtown Pippin cross released by Ag Canada 1923 when the Ottawa station was working on a multitude of Mac crosses. It has some of the nuances of Newtown Pippin with improved winter hardiness. Both Northern Spy and Newtown Pippin are susceptible to winterkill at my central Ontario locale, while Quebec Belle and Newtosh are dependable.

 Sandow was released from the Ottawa Ag Canada station 1912 ; an open pollinated seedling of Northern Spy ; improved winter hardiness over Northern Spy and can be grown in most seasons without scab control

Eric Hambly Siloam Orchards Uxbridge Ontario