North American Fruit Explorers mailing list at ibiblio

[Anton Callaway <marillen@earthlink.net>]

I noticed Doug Woodward's reply already pretty much answered the question, 
but I'll put in my 2 cents worth...

Calcium is one of the more difficult to transport minerals in plants, 
requiring very good water flow in the plant for effective transport.  Somehow 
graft and bud unions impede this flow.  As Doug said, this could be partially 
due to differences in the genetics between stock & scion, but appears to 
mainly be due to the physical disruption of vascular bundles in the 
budding/grafting process.  The bundles re-form, but are never quite as good 
as the original.  They've done some experiments with the excellent control 
population being genetically identical stock and scion and still found that 
calcium transport was less efficient than own-rooted trees.

It is not well-publicized that peaches can be rooted from cuttings.  The most 
efficient procedure uses semi-hardwood cuttings.  I've posted references & 
details before & I will be happy to look it up again for anyone interested.  
Just contact me off-list.  To get really good rooting %'s you will need a 
mist bed, which not everyone has access to.  I have used a pot covered with a 
large plastic over a frame and got some rooting, but the results were much 
more variable than when I was using the university's mist bed as a grad 
student.

Anton
Zone 8, but it went down to 26 degrees F last night.

-----Original Message-----
>From: Mark & Helen Angermayer <hangermayer@isp.com>
>Sent: Nov 15, 2007 12:03 PM
>To: Anton Callaway <marillen@earthlink.net>, North American Fruit Explorers 
><nafex@lists.ibiblio.org>
>Subject: Re: [NAFEX] brown tor resistance,     was:  Plum Curculio Resistant 
>Cultivars
>
>Anton,
>
>Why would switching to "own rooted trees for new plantings" increase uptake
>of available calcium?  Also, how is a peach tree grown on it's own roots?
>I've never seen peach trees advertised other than on commercial rootstocks
>(Bailey, Halford, Lovell).  Do you mean burying the peach tree below graft?
>How successful is this in causing the peach tree to root out?
>
>Mark
>KS
>
>----- Original Message ----- 
>From: "Anton Callaway" <>
>To: "North American Fruit Explorers" <nafex@lists.ibiblio.org>
>Sent: Thursday, November 15, 2007 5:38 AM
>Subject: Re: [NAFEX] brown tor resistance, was: Plum Curculio Resistant
>Cultivars
>
>
>> Resistance to brown rot in peaches is very interesting.  I'd love to hear
>more details about this Brazilian peach and the mechanism of resistance.
>For instance, is the rubbery flesh a coincidental phenotype or is it part of
>the resistance mechanism?  Does this resistance hold up even when curculio
>control is less than complete?
>>
>> About split pit:
>> Thinning, especially early thinning of early peaches leads to dramatic
>increases in fruit size.  The increase in fruit size increases the distance
>calcium must travel to the developing pit, where it is needed for proper
>hardening.  Early peaches are especially prone because the development
>happens so rapidly that calcium transport must be especially efficient.  The
>studies I've seen on effective methods to reduce split pit recommend
>increasing calcium availability to the trees, by soil amendments and foliar
>spraying of chelated calcium and by switching to own-rooted trees for new
>plantings.  Calcium chloride should work to some degree in foliar sprays and
>it is cheaper and more easily found.  However, the chelated calcium was the
>most effective.  The tested forms of chelated calcium included acetate,
>lactate and gluconate.
>>
>> Anton
>> Zone 8
>> It's finally raining!!! (a little bit)
>>
>> -----Original Message-----
>> >From: Douglas Woodard <dwoodard@becon.org>
>> >Sent: Nov 14, 2007 5:00 PM
>> >To: North American Fruit Explorers <nafex@lists.ibiblio.org>
>> >Subject: Re: [NAFEX] brown tor resistance, was:  Plum Curculio Resistant
>Cultivars
>> >
>> >Some years ago the Pomona had an item about a Brazilian peach which is
>> >resistant to brown rot. I talked about it to a breeder at the Vineland
>> >station near me. He told me that they were doing breeding of canning
>> >peaches with its pollen which they had obtained from California where
>> >there was an active breeding program using the Brazilian peach. He also
>> >said that they were only working on canning peaches because the
>> >Brazilian peach was a rubbery fleshed type which would need several
>> >generations to get the brown rot reistance into a good quality fresh
>> >eating freestone peach. I haven't heard anything about this work since.
>> >
>> >I have been told by a grower that thinning peaches when the pit is still
>> >jelly-like results in the pit rotting quickly on the orchard floor and
>> >not carrying the brown rot infection over to the next year (at least
>> >from that source). If you thin when the pit has hardened it does not rot
>> >away completely and will carry the infection to the next year. This
>> >makes the thinning of very early peaches difficult; apparently if you
>> >thin early you get more split pits  - harbouring rot and unsaleable -
>> >which earlies are prone to anyway.
>> >
>> >I believe the Harrow apricots were also selected for brown rot
>> >resistance to a degree.
>> >
>> >Alan Haigh wrote:
>> >[snip]
>> >>
>> >> I'm also curious about brown-rot resistance in stone-fruit.  This is
>> >> going to be very regionally specific, I'm afraid, but maybe we can all
>> >> learn something.  I have read that the Seneca plum is resistant but not
>> >> found this to be true.  I have observed that in peaches older varieties
>> >> seem to have more resistance.  Encore, Autumn Glo and Lady Nancy tend
>to
>> >> rot without significant protection but Elberta and Belle of Georgia do
>not.
>> >>
>> >> In southeastern NY earlier ripening stone-fruit that face less heat and
>> >> humiditity suffer less from brown-rot and peaches less from scab.
>> >> So many of the newer peaches are highly susceptible to brown-rot that I
>> >> think we should limit the discussion to what's resistant, not what's
>> >> not, unless it's a variety that seems to exist to rot.  In newer
>> >> peaches, varieties from the Harrow series are evaluated for brown-rot
>> >> resistance but they are falling out of popularity.
>> >
>> >[snip]
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