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  • From: Lawrence London <lfljvenaura@gmail.com>
  • To: permaculture <permaculture@lists.ibiblio.org>
  • Subject: Re: [permaculture] Peasant Sovereignty?
  • Date: Tue, 24 Mar 2015 13:55:02 -0400

On Mon, Mar 23, 2015 at 5:11 PM, Lawrence London <lfljvenaura@gmail.com>
wrote:

> http://www.independentsciencenews.org/environment/peasant-sovereignty/
> Peasant Sovereignty?
> <http://www.independentsciencenews.org/environment/peasant-sovereignty/>
> March 18, 2015
>
> By Evaggelos Vallianatos
>

> I have brought my friend of 55 years, Mike Elvin, into this discussion of
peasant sovereignty
> by way of private email between us. His last three replies were so
outstanding that I asked if
> I could crosspost them to this list. He agreed with the following comment:
> "Full attribution will be fine, as this subject is very important to me.
Attribute to Michael Elvin."



On Tue, Mar 24, 2015 at 10:14 AM, Lawrence London <lfljvenaura@gmail.com>
wrote:

> Post Three:
> ========
>
> [Some of this describes treatment of Jews in Russia during the Soviet
> regime and is based on his extensive reading of history and not to be taken
> as racist. He and I became acquainted around 1960 and became part and
> parcel of the international cultural renaissance known as the Sixties, not
> to be confused with the Beatnik and Hippy Movements. This era was in part
> characterized as uncompromisingly liberal,
> in the traditional sense, fairness, justice, equality, open mindedness,
> creative innovation, cultural, religious, lifestyle and racial diversity
> and pure common sense. - LL]
>
> Lenin and Stalin both hated the peasants, considering them to be backward
> and counter-revolutionary. So when the revolution succeeded, the Party
> didn't represent the fortunes of the urban proletarians and peasants
> against the interests of the rich. They stole from the peasants to enrich
> the urban proles. Instead of paying for food supplies they requisitioned
> them at gunpoint, leaving peasant families without even seed corn.
>
> The peasant was deliberately crushed and then starved. They realized that
> soviet-led communes would never have the support of the people without
> starving and abusing them within an inch of their lives. So the traditional
> peasant-organized communes were destroyed according to plan.
>
> This was at the heart of how Ukrainians feel about Russians. Not to
> mention the fact that most of the Communist organizers who actually
> performed the dirty work at the village level happened to come from an
> underclass of urban Jews-- little nobodies suddenly given immense,
> state-backed power to ruin the lives of others. One thing the Communists
> had learned from the old nobility... let Jews do your dirty work. If things
> go wrong they'll get the blame for it.
>

Mike reread the post above and sent me an update to post:
<>
Quite an interesting thread. Particularly in the most recent entries
there's much insider info on the EPA-- an agency Vallianatos got into on
the ground floor. His book on that subject would certainly be worth reading.

[permaculture] Peasant Sovereignty? Book Reviews
<https://lists.ibiblio.org/sympa/arc/permaculture/2015-March/045607.html>






[permaculture] Peasant Sovereignty? Book Reviews
<https://lists.ibiblio.org/sympa/arc/permaculture/2015-March/045607.html>
[permaculture] Peasant Sovereignty? Book Reviews Lawrence London
lfljvenaura at gmail.com Tue Mar 24 02:06:00 EDT 2015

View on lists.ibiblio.org
<https://lists.ibiblio.org/sympa/arc/permaculture/2015-March/045607.html>
Preview by Yahoo


Re-reading my entry on the Soviets' cynical use of Jewish communists in
enforcing policies they knew would be highly unpopular, I can see where
some might scan it hurriedly and think it sounded antisemitic. But actually
it goes to the roots of what it meant to be Jewish and to be antisemitic in
old Russia. Jews there were much discriminated against, and so there were
many among them who sank to the point of poverty, becoming in time a
despised urban underclass. Marxist doctrine, predictably, resonated very
strongly among them.

So when the Party was expanding there were many in this bottom class who
volunteered to spread the doctrine, by force if permitted. The Party found
it useful for these people to become the "face of Communism" to the
peasantry. And in peasant perception, the notions of communists and Jews
were equated-- just as happened when the old-regime landlords used Jews to
be their tax collectors. When political fortunes changed it was always the
Jews, rather than their employers, that "got it".

<>

Also, for convenience and reference, here are links to most of the posts in
this thread that exist in the message archives for this list:


- [permaculture] Peasant Sovereignty?
<https://lists.ibiblio.org/sympa/arc/permaculture/2015-March/045602.html>
*Lawrence
London *
-
*https://lists.ibiblio.org/sympa/arc/permaculture/2015-March/045602.html
<https://lists.ibiblio.org/sympa/arc/permaculture/2015-March/045602.html> *
- [permaculture] Peasant Sovereignty?
<https://lists.ibiblio.org/sympa/arc/permaculture/2015-March/045603.html>
*Lawrence
London *
-
*https://lists.ibiblio.org/sympa/arc/permaculture/2015-March/045603.html
<https://lists.ibiblio.org/sympa/arc/permaculture/2015-March/045603.html> *
- [permaculture] Fwd: Peasant Sovereignty?
<https://lists.ibiblio.org/sympa/arc/permaculture/2015-March/045604.html>
*Lawrence
London *
-
*https://lists.ibiblio.org/sympa/arc/permaculture/2015-March/045604.html
<https://lists.ibiblio.org/sympa/arc/permaculture/2015-March/045604.html> *
- [permaculture] Peasant Sovereignty?
<https://lists.ibiblio.org/sympa/arc/permaculture/2015-March/045605.html>
*Lawrence
London*
-
*https://lists.ibiblio.org/sympa/arc/permaculture/2015-March/045605.html
<https://lists.ibiblio.org/sympa/arc/permaculture/2015-March/045605.html> *
- [permaculture] Fwd: [SANET-MG] Peasant Sovereignty?
<https://lists.ibiblio.org/sympa/arc/permaculture/2015-March/045606.html>
*Lawrence
London *
-
*https://lists.ibiblio.org/sympa/arc/permaculture/2015-March/045606.html
<https://lists.ibiblio.org/sympa/arc/permaculture/2015-March/045606.html> *
- [permaculture] Peasant Sovereignty? Book Reviews
<https://lists.ibiblio.org/sympa/arc/permaculture/2015-March/045607.html>
*Lawrence
London *
-
*https://lists.ibiblio.org/sympa/arc/permaculture/2015-March/045607.html
<https://lists.ibiblio.org/sympa/arc/permaculture/2015-March/045607.html> *
- [permaculture] How Agriculture Can Provide Food Security Without
Destroying Biodiversity
<https://lists.ibiblio.org/sympa/arc/permaculture/2015-March/045608.html>
*Lawrence
London *
-
*https://lists.ibiblio.org/sympa/arc/permaculture/2015-March/045608.html
<https://lists.ibiblio.org/sympa/arc/permaculture/2015-March/045608.html> *
- [permaculture] How the Great Food War Will Be Won
<https://lists.ibiblio.org/sympa/arc/permaculture/2015-March/045609.html>
*Lawrence
London *
-
*https://lists.ibiblio.org/sympa/arc/permaculture/2015-March/045609.html
<https://lists.ibiblio.org/sympa/arc/permaculture/2015-March/045609.html> *
- [permaculture] Will Food Sovereignty Starve the Poor and Punish the
Planet?
<https://lists.ibiblio.org/sympa/arc/permaculture/2015-March/045610.html>
*Lawrence
London *
-
*https://lists.ibiblio.org/sympa/arc/permaculture/2015-March/045610.html
<https://lists.ibiblio.org/sympa/arc/permaculture/2015-March/045610.html> *
- [permaculture] America: Becoming a Land Without Farmers
<https://lists.ibiblio.org/sympa/arc/permaculture/2015-March/045611.html>
*Lawrence
London *
-
*https://lists.ibiblio.org/sympa/arc/permaculture/2015-March/045611.html
<https://lists.ibiblio.org/sympa/arc/permaculture/2015-March/045611.html> *
- [permaculture] How Millions of Farmers are Advancing Agriculture For
Themselves
<https://lists.ibiblio.org/sympa/arc/permaculture/2015-March/045612.html>
*Lawrence
London *
-
*https://lists.ibiblio.org/sympa/arc/permaculture/2015-March/045612.html
<https://lists.ibiblio.org/sympa/arc/permaculture/2015-March/045612.html> *
- [permaculture] America: Becoming a Land Without Farmers
<https://lists.ibiblio.org/sympa/arc/permaculture/2015-March/045613.html>
*Lawrence
London *
-
*https://lists.ibiblio.org/sympa/arc/permaculture/2015-March/045613.html
<https://lists.ibiblio.org/sympa/arc/permaculture/2015-March/045613.html> *
- [permaculture] Peasant Sovereignty?
<https://lists.ibiblio.org/sympa/arc/permaculture/2015-March/045615.html>
*Lawrence
London *
- *https://lists.ibiblio.org/sympa/arc/permaculture/2015-March/045615.html
<https://lists.ibiblio.org/sympa/arc/permaculture/2015-March/045615.html>*


*<>*

*Also* for more on peasantry, peasant farming and permaculture and peasant
sovereignty, try Modern Peasant,a blog created and maintained by Mike's and
my close friend and ally for 50 years, Chris Parsons, RIP. Plenty of good
reading, ideas, links, art and opinions to enjoy here:

modernpeasant blog

http://modpez.blogspot.com/

Monday, July 15, 2013
welcome to the book
<http://modpez.blogspot.com/2013_07_01_archive.html#5426842774889283362> this
is last post. finally. i have been doing other things, mostly dealing with
health and balance. too much to go into here. however i intend to turn the
entire blog into a book, and if you are reading it, it must have worked.

meanwhile you might want to check out modernpeasant.com to see what i've
been doing since this work faded from my daily routine.

A sample post:

Wednesday, March 6, 2013 the state of the nation state
<http://modpez.blogspot.com/2013_03_01_archive.html#7212819584588325505>

"A nation-state is a state, or country, that has defined borders and
territory. It is additionally a country in which a nation of principally
the same type of people exists, organized by either race or cultural
background. In the nation-state, generally, everyone would speak the same
language, probably practice the same or similar types of religion, and
share a set of cultural, “national,” values.
From this strict definition it’s easy to see that the US is not a
nation-state. We have multiple ethnicities, numbers of religions practiced,
and different cultural norms. Even though citizens of the US share the same
borders and territory, we do not, in the sense of the nation-state, share a
common nationality."

<>
a few semi modern peasants:

A group of peasants Bosnia Austro-Hungary

tuber production, great hand scythe


a Peasant Woman, modern peasants impressionist Sir George Clausen
- quite a Mona Lisa smile on her face


<>

Quite a find:
=========

Diary of A Chinese Peasant (1942)
by Timothy Devinney

A translated diary of an educated Chinese peasant from 1942. One year of
events is outlined before the diary come to an end. The names have been
Anglicized for easier understanding. The language has been cleaned up. As
the original translation was done 30 years ago the document is scanned into
pdf with corrections. An OCR extraction is below:

http://www.modern-cynic.org/2013/02/10/diary-of-a-chinese-peasant-1942/

*April 2, 1942:* Spring has finally arrived as life returns once more to
the hectic pace that I am accustomed to. The winter was long and the
snowfall heavy, all of which have combined to help bring about a healthy
wheat crop this spring. The heavy work had started some three weeks ago as
my eldest son, David, and myself began breaking up the frozen earth around
the shoots of wheat to quicken the thaw and stimulate their growth. My son
had already marked the fields for the sowing of the millet, which will
commence in May, while Ni has begun plowing up the field with the oxen. I
have spent most of the day checking the sweet potato store. Some have
rotted, but many are in fine condition and should provide us with a more
than adequate crop this October.

*April 5, 1942:* Both Ni and David are still working on the plowing and
harrowing of the millet field. I have finished choosing the sweet potato
seeds from the store and already have planted them in the wet sand. My
brother, Dennis, came and aided me with the preparation of the vegetable
garden, while his son went to help Ni and David. Tomorrow we must begin
work on his fields.
*May 3, 1942: *We have finished the plowing of both my own and my brother’s
fields and the time has arrived for the sowing of the millet. The manure
has mixed well with the soil and the weather has been with us so far. I had
more than enough seed for myself so I sold what remained to Ni for use in
his mother’s fields. I may have been too lenient in giving it to him for
two months wages. It was worth at least three and would have probably
brought four on the open market. I have transferred the sweet potatoes to
the vegetable garden and planted small patches of cabbage, maize, and other
vegetables.
*May 4, 1942: * My wife told me today that I am to be the father of another
child. At another time or place I may have celebrated, but the fields are
like concubines, always demanding more attention than one man has to give.
Yet the news makes me happy and the work in the fields becomes easier as I
think of my new son.
May 12, 1942: We finished sowing both fields yesterday, so I spent most of
the day tending the wheat crop, which is shaping up fine. My son worked on
the vegetable garden and checked on the condition of the millet field.
*June 6 1942: *We have begun the harvesting of the wheat crop. My brother’s
crop is larger so we went to help him today. We worked long and hard but
only managed to clear half of the field. I don’t think there is any thing
more gratifying than working with one’s son and brother.
*June 14, 1942:* My son and I went to help Dennis with the plowing of his
fields for the sweet potatoes. I brought my wife to help with the threshing
of the wheat. I knew I was in for trouble. Within two minutes both of them
were fighting like two addicts over one opium pipe. We finally had to let
my wife do the threshing while Dennis’ prepared the sweet potatoes for
planting. Even then they found reason to bicker when meeting.
*June 25, 1942:* Dennis’ field had been plowed and planted while mine was
only half complete due to Ni’ s breaking of the plow. Both Dennis and me
had beaten him and docked him one and a half months wages each. We had been
unable to buy a plow but were promised one by late July, which was too late
for my needs.
Dennis went to Master Yeh who consented to loan us a plow for two and a
half silver dollars a month. Since the new plow plus the money paid to Yeh
was more than we had docked Ni we decided to dock him an additional one and
a half months apiece.
*July 16, 1942: *News reached the village that the Japanese were closing on
the district capital, which was only some seventy-five li away. The traffic
on the road to the capital has become thicker as civilians flee the
Japanese. I discussed the situation with Dennis and we decided that there
was little we could do since our livelihood was the land. We had to stay.
We did decide that we should try and hoard as much surplus foodstuffs as
possible in case the Japanese should reach as far as our village and damage
the crops or land, or steal what we had on hand.
*August 17, 1942:* We have begun harvesting the millet. Since my crop
ripened early, Dennis and his son aided us, so that by the end of the day a
large portion of the crop had been harvested and my wife had begun cutting
the stalks and threshing the grain. Dennis decided to leave his wife behind
for the sake of peace, so the work proceeded with little trouble. I have
always enjoyed Dennis’ company and working with him is almost like not
working at all. Dennis brought out a point today that I had never even
considered, even though it is highly possible. What if my w1fe does not
give me another son? Can I force her to give me one? No. Can I do anyth1ng
to assure that it will be a son? No. Then what can I do? wait.
*August 29, **1942:* We finished the harvesting of the millet two days ago
and have begun prepar1ng the fields for the wheat. We dismissed Ni as our
laborer after he broke the wheelbarrow. We gave him a good thrashing and
withheld the wages that he had made dur1ng the year. News reached us that
the Japanese had reached the capital but that they had been unable to
occupy it due to strong res1stence. Regina Yeh, Master Yeh’s daughter,
reached the village from the capital last night. A strange quietness has
descended over the village even though the number of troops and civilians
flowing through 1s 1ncreas1ng daily.
*September 13, 1942:* Master Yeh has resigned his leadership of the v1llage
to Jim Hua and has turned over the management of the temple to Ted Ho. The
only reason I can see for this is so as not to put suspicion on himself
when the Japanese reach the village. He has also gone to his tenants to
extract what rent he can so as to build up his surplus of foodstuffs. Many
of the peasants complain that their rent is not due, but what can
they really do, after all, it is his land. The Army, too, seems to want its
share. Supposedly between the Army and Yeh many peasants have lost all of
the millet that they had harvested. The army took only a quarter of my
wheat and millet crop since more than half of it had been hidden. Yet what
they did take could seriously hamper us this winter.
*October 1, 1942: *Dennis told me that Master Yeh has ask him to hold some
silver for him for a period of time and that he would like to know if I
would do the same. I asked why he didn’t come and ask me himself, and
Dennis told me that he though it would be better if he had brought the
message. Better for Yeh he means. I told Dennis to tell him I would think
it over. What can I expect to get out of holding old Yeh’s money? Nothing.
When the Japanese leave he will demand his money and that will be that. Yet
he has done Dennis favors and he did lend me the plow when I needed it. I
suppose there is no real harm in doing it. He is only looking out for his
best interests, but don’t we all really.
*October 3, 1942: * We have begun harvesting the sweet potato crop. The
winter wheat has already been sown and the rest is up to nature. I have
hired Henry Chou to stay in the fields with my son and protect the crop.
Army officers have reportedly been scouting the area for conscriptees. Ni
and Debbie Hua’s son have already been sent to the front. I fear it will
not be long before the come for David. Yeh may be grateful enough of
Dennis and me to stop the conscription of our sons if we hold his money. We
will see just how much Yeh values his money.
*October 4, 1942:* Dennis and I approached Yeh with our proposition. We
will hold his money if he stops the conscription of our sons. He told us
that under the circumstances it would be hard to do. We offered him an
additional bushel of wheat and five bushels of millet. He said he would
try. I guess the circumstances changed.
*October 5, 1942:* The Army officers responsible for the conscription of
youths left the village today. Yeh brought his money and I buried it behind
the house. We had already fallen behind with the work and w the weather was
turning colder.
*October 25, 1942: *The work in the fields is just about complete. The Army
has taken more than its share of our sweet potato crop since they were able
to get here before we could hide the bulk of it. Yet it does not mean that
much to me now. The fact that David is here, at least for the time being,
and that the new child has almost arrived, supplies me with more than food
could possibly. Although it was imminent for a long time, the fall of the
district capital struck fear in the hearts of many of the villagers. Hua
and Ho, the two that took over from Yeh, tried to resign but stayed because
of pressure put on by Yeh. Once the sun lowered, life in the village became
nonexistent except for travel through it on the road.
*November 13, 1942: *Tom Kuo, my cousin, arrived from a village about
fifteen li to the south of the district capital that was threatened to be
overrun by the Japanese. Since Kuo, a fairly poor peasant, had
pro-communist leanings in the past, he though to be in his best interests
to leave before the Japanese arrived, rather than take a chance on one of
his enemies turning him in. My wife complained that with the Army taking
everything we could not possibly support Kuo and our family too. But Kuo
had brought a fair amount of foodstuffs with him, so that dispensed with
the problem of supporting him. After Kuo had settled himself and his stores
were safely hidden with ours, he told us of what he had seen before
reaching the village. He told us that any suspected communist was shot on
the spot. Men that could work were sent to work as forced-labor for the
Japanese. Very few people’s food stores managed to keep hidden from the
Japanese, who tore everything up looking for food and valuables. Had he not
left, he probably would be dead by now.
*November 14, 1942:* A son was born to me this morning, Yet I am very sad.
Kuo’s words stuck like thorns in my side. Had I saved David from the army
to be shot in his own home or sent into forced-labor? I can hear my new son
crying. Has he been born to die? Have we all?
*December 1, 1942: *The road has become heavily congested with troops
retreating westward. The slowness of the trek gives it a semblance of
order, yet there is none. Each man is on his own. Looting in the area has
gone up as the troops scrounge for food as they flee. My son gave several
wounded soldiers food and water. My wife wanted me to reprimand him, but I
did not. They were not beggars, they were soldiers. Had it not been for my
deal with Yeh, David might have been on the other end of the deal. I felt
he was right. I saw a wounded soldier that looked like Ni standing by a
well, but by the time I reached the well he had gone. As more and more
soldiers pass through the village and into the setting sun, a deadly
quietness slowly descends
on the village. I sat for a long time. No more soldiers came. The darkness
crept in around me. I got up and walked home.
*December 4, 1942:* The road has been dead for four days now. No one comes,
no one goes. The silence pervades everthing. Even the sounds of war have
gone. What need is there for them. The Chinese leave, and the Japanese fill
the vacuum. But what was taking them so long? Tom Kuo and my son departed
today to join up with the Eighth Route Army. The decision was not mine,
though I support it. At least they will have some control over living and
dying. Fighting to stay alive seems better than dying without a fight.
*December 5, 1942: *The Japanese moved into the village today and began
confiscating damn near every thing in sight. Susan Ni’s other son and Henry
Chou were send to the rear as forced labor with another group of peasants.
Fred Fei, partially out of spite, and to save his own skin told the
Japanese commander that Dennis and me had money hidden. They tore Dennis’s
house apart and beat him viciously when he denied the existence of the
money. They probably would have beaten him to death had not one of the
soldiers uncovered his hidden stores. Although not as great a prize as
silver, it would do. However as punishment the sent his son to a
forced-labor camp and made him watch while they raped his wife. By the time
they reached my house their anger had calmed a great bit due to the loot
they had accumulated on the way. They couldn’t let me get away unscathed,
since there was a possibility that the money did indeed exist. After
beating me and my wife up a bit, they settled for what was left of my
winter stores.
*December 6, 1942:* The growing concentration of Japanese troops in the
area made it difficult to reach Dennis’s house, but after being stopped and
searched twice I made it. Dennis and his wife were in bad shape.
His beating was far worse than my own. From what I could tell they had
broken his arm and nose, along with bruising him severely. His wife just
sat staring at us like we didn’t exist. Her face was heavily bruised and I
had no idea what to do to comfort her. I did what I could and left. I
slipped into Yeh’s house to see what could be done for Dennis and his wife,
but Yeh threatened to have me thrown out until I threatened to turn all of
the money over to the Japanese. He told me what to do and warned me never
to come back while the Japanese where in the village.
*December 20, 1942: * I finally reached Dennis’s house with food. All my
earlier attempts had been foiled by the Japanese, who seem to be
everywhere. However, now most of them had left except for a small garrison
of about fifty soldiers left to guard the crossroads outside the village.
Dennis’s wife and I had to rebreak his leg before we could set it. I did
what Yeh instructed me to do, and took my leave.
*January 20, 1943: *The Japanese garrison stationed here has almost become
a part of the daily routine. Things have returned to as close to normal as
can be expected given the circumstances. There are sporadic
rapes and lootings, and an occasional beating, but nothing on the scale of
what occurred during the first month. Due to the earlier looting of food,
many of the older people have already died of starvation and many of the
children are close to death. Luckily my young son is still living. However,
our stores are running low. Had David, Kuo, and Dennis’s son remained they
would have been gone by now. I have rationed every meal trying to assure
enough will remain for planting. I allow Dennis and my wife additional food
due to their
circumstances, but his wife and I must live on a minimal amount of food.
*February 12, 1943:* I look to the East. Bitter winds from the North beat
on the sides of the house. The door bursts open and I rush to close it as
the snow crowds in. My new son cries. It is a happy sound. A sad sound.
Will he get the chance to cry again. The days grow longer while daylight
seems so long
and night an eternal darkness. As I look to the East the minutes of the day
pass as though centuries through my mind. My new son cries as the door
bursts open yet again. I rush to close it.
*March 1, 1943:* Life in the village has become more active as those who
can prepare for the comlng of Spring. As the weather warms the village
takes on the semblence of times gone by. Mary Hao siezed a peasants land
for the failure of payment of a year old debt. A peasant asks for money
from Yeh so he can buy grain to plant, while another walks behind him.
Yeh’s distillery opens for another year of operation. Yet every thing is
not like before. Every action, every movement is under the scrutiny of a
Japanese carbine.
*March 21, 1943:* In the distance snow capped mountains dominate the
horizon, while in the plain buds appear on many of the trees. Patches of
snow can be seen on the fields, but the dominant feature is the small
shoots of wheat sticking out of the frozen earth. The sun rises above the
mountains. My young son cries. I leave to check the fields. Life must go
on, even in Hell.

And another great find:

================

Combination raised beds with irrigation ditches and possible chinampas
system.

http://i4.mirror.co.uk/incoming/article1426250.ece/alternates/s615/Farming%20commune%20peasants%20working%20in%20field,%20tending%20cabbages%20cultivated%20in%20neat%20rows,%20nr.%20Canton,%20China

I am including two photographs of wide raised beds with water filled
drainage channels between in a field on my land. Definitely the work of a
modern peasant.

More hard to find pictures of peasant farming in China:

http://www.modern-cynic.org/Reports/Peasant%20Fields.jpg

[image: http://www.modern-cynic.org/Reports/Peasant%20Fields.jpg]

http://images.china.cn/attachement/jpg/site1007/20080719/001109b42f9809ebcf2402.jpg

[image:
http://images.china.cn/attachement/jpg/site1007/20080719/001109b42f9809ebcf2402.jpg]

http://thumbs.dreamstime.com/z/chinese-peasants-ploughing-field-located-chengdu-china-35326014.jpg

[image:
http://thumbs.dreamstime.com/z/chinese-peasants-ploughing-field-located-chengdu-china-35326014.jpg]
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And:
===

The Modern Cynic
http://www.modern-cynic.org/


- Academics (Papers, Lectures) <http://uts.academia.edu/TimothyDevinney>
- Podcasts & News Media »
<http://www.modern-cynic.org/podcasts-and-news-media/>
- Social, Economic and Political Values Reports

<http://www.modern-cynic.org/social-economic-and-political-values-reports-2/>

Art & Culture

- O Zhang

<http://web.mac.com/zhang_o/Site/O_Zhang_%E5%BC%A0%E9%B8%A5_-_Chinese_Artist_Based_in_New_York.html>
- XYZ Gallery (Beijing)
<http://www.xyzartgallery.com/web/xyz/c11025/c11026/default.asp>
- Yuanfen Art & Media (Beijing) <http://www.yuanfenart.com/>

[OTHER]

- What is Consumer Social Responsibility?
<http://www.modern-cynic.org/#widget-zoom-video-cat-1>
- HU Conference Interview in 2010
<http://www.modern-cynic.org/#widget-zoom-video-cat-2>
- Growth and China <http://www.modern-cynic.org/#widget-zoom-video-cat-3>

--
Lawrence F. London
lfljvenaura@gmail.com
https://sites.google.com/site/avantgeared/ <http://www.avantgeared.com>
https://plus.google.com/+Avantgeared
Ello: https://ello.co/ecoponderosa <https://ello.co/ecoponderosa>
Twitter: @ecoponderosa <https://twitter.com/ecoponderosa>
Reddit: ecoponderosa
Cellphone: lfljcell@gmail.com




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