A key element overlooked in trying to tie biblical
chronology to the archeological record is that fact that
after the expulsion of the Hyksos from Egypt, the Hyksos
fled across the Sinai to Canaan, to a fortified city
Sharuhen (Tell Ajjul, not far from Gaza). Ahmose pursued
the Hyksos across the Sinai and destroyed their fortress. He then conquered all of Canaan and large parts of what is
now Lebanon and Syria. Egypt control this region lasted
for hundreds of years after. The Merneptah Stele (1210 BC)
mentions that Egyptian forces under the command of
Merneptah in Canaan defeated ?Israel?. Specifically it
states "Israel is laid waste, its seed is not." (Ashkelon
and Gezer are also mentioned). The determinative is for a
people, rather than a state. As late as 1210 Egypt held
sway over Canaan.
The point here is for hundreds of years after the expulsion
of the Hyksos, there is no way for the Israelites to flee
Egypt, wander about for 40 years, and then enter Canaan.
Canaan was under Egyptian rule.
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