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  • From: R.Lehmann <lehmann AT uni-mainz.de>
  • To: <b-hebrew AT lists.ibiblio.org>
  • Subject: Re: [b-hebrew] Hiram Hirom Huram
  • Date: Tue, 17 Jul 2012 18:59:11 +0200

HIRAM is given as follows:

A. Hiram (I.): II Sam 5:11 XIRAM - Septuagint: Ciram || par I Chr 14:1 Ketiv XIRAM Qere XURAM, Septuagint Ciram, JosAnt VII:66 ÔIe÷rwmoß , JosAp I:109 Ei¶rwmoß

B. Hiram I.:
µr:yji 1 Reg 5:15ff, 9:11ff, 10:11, but 1 Reg 5:24.32 µwrøyji; 2 Chr 2:2.10.11; 8:2.18, 2 Chr 9:10.21(Q) µr:Wj, Josephus Eirwmo" son of Abibalo" (’Abíba‘al of Tyrue) Ant. VII:66 VIII:50-60.76.141f.163 VIII:144 (according to Menander) VIII:147-149 (according to Dios), c.Apion. I:109 I:113-115 (Dios) I:117.121.126 (according to Menander) II,18.
1 Reg 5,15 MT rwxøAËl,m, µr:yji LXX Ciram basileu;" Tuvrou 1 Reg 5,15.16.21.22.25bis.26.32 µr:yji Ciram
1 Reg 5,24.32 µwrøyji Ciram, 1 Reg 9,11 rxoAËl,m, µr:yji Ciram basileu;" Tuvrou

1 Reg 9,12.14 .27 µr:yji Ciram, 1 Reg 10,11 µr:yji Ciram

2 Chr 2,2.10 rxoAËl,m, µr:Wj Ciram basileu;" Tuvrou

2 Chr 2,11 µr:Wj Ciram

2 Chr 8,2.18 µr:Wj Ciram

2 Chr 9,10.21 Ketib µryj Qere µr:Wj LXX Ciram


C. %írám (II.) of Tyre (m∫i-ru-um-mu uru∑ur-ra-a+a Annals of Tiglatpileser III., Ann. 27:2 = 13*:11 and m∫i-ri-mu Ann. 9:r5; vgl. TGI 57; TUAT I, 375f), son of ’Ittóba‘al II.

D. 8th or late 9th century inscription from Limassol (Cyprus) KAI 31 = CIS I,5 King of the Sidonians (˛rm mlk ßdnm) (see Timm 1982, 221), ca. 750-725 BCE? This should also be the Hiram of the Phoenician iscription of Parahyba which, to be sure, is a fraude!

E. Another Hiram Jos c.Apion. I:158 Eirwmo" father of a certain Ittobaal IV, maybe also on the Pheonician malachite boat inscription (most probably a fake).

And so on and so on. There are considerably more Hirams in Hebrew and Phoenician!

Note that the name Hiram is a very common Phoenician name (Hiram = Ahiram / Ahirom): "the/my brother is august/superior" (root RWM). Omission of alef is here normal in later Phoenician. There is absolutely no need or probability to connect the name with any other root or language.

Reinhard G. Lehmann

¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨¨¨¨¨¨¨¨¨¨¨¨¨¨¨¨¨¨¨¨¨¨¨¨¨¨¨¨¨¨¨¨¨¨¨¨
Dr. Reinhard G. Lehmann
Academic Director
Research Unit on Ancient Hebrew & Epigraphy
FB 01/ Faculty of Protestant Theology
Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz
D-55099 Mainz
Germany
lehmann AT uni-mainz.de
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