[b-hebrew] Jeremiah 3:7
Harold Holmyard
hholmyard3 at earthlink.net
Fri Jun 6 16:18:43 EDT 2008
Dear Dave,
> Is God admitting to making a false prediction in Jeremiah 3:7?
>
> The more scholarly/formally dynamic translations render this verse as:
>
> NAS Jeremiah 3:7 "And I thought, 'After she has done all these things, she will return to Me'; but she did not return, and her treacherous sister Judah saw it.
>
> NAU Jeremiah 3:7 "I thought, 'After she has done all these things she will return to Me'; but she did not return, and her treacherous sister Judah saw it.
>
> NRS Jeremiah 3:7 And I thought, "After she has done all this she will return to me"; but she did not return, and her false sister Judah saw it.
>
> RSV Jeremiah 3:7 And I thought, `After she has done all this she will return to me'; but she did not return, and her false sister Judah saw it.
>
> NJB Jeremiah 3:7 I thought, "After doing all this she will come back to me." But she did not come back. Her faithless sister Judah saw this.
>
> However, other translations hide the sense of prediction/optimism about the future:
>
> Jeremiah 3:7 7 And I said after she had done all these things, Turn thou unto me. But she returned not. And her treacherous sister Judah saw it.
>
> NKJ Jeremiah 3:7 "And I said, after she had done all these things, 'Return to Me.' But she did not return. And her treacherous sister Judah saw it.
>
> LXE Jeremiah 3:7 And I said after she had committed all these acts of fornication, Turn again to me. Yet she returned not. And faithless Juda saw her faithlessness.
>
> What is the correct sense of the Hebrew? Did God make a prediction (i.e., she will return to me), or just a command (i.e, return to me)?
>
HH: The grammar is ambiguous, since the form can be third person
feminine singular imperfect or second person masculine singular
imperfect. This explains the difference in translation, since both are
grammatical and plausible. However the more recent translations are
generally going with the first option you gave, which involves the third
person feminine singular. One reason for this is that elsewhere in the
chapter where God gives a command, he uses the imperative rather than
the imperfect. The imperfect can be used to give commands (they are used
in the Ten Commandments).
HH: There is another verse later in the chapter that provides the same
dilemma:
NRSV: Jer. 3:19 I thought
how I would set you among my children,
and give you a pleasant land,
the most beautiful heritage of all the nations.
And I thought you would call me, My Father,
and would not turn from following me.
KJV: Jer. 3:19 But I said, How shall I put thee among the children, and
give thee a pleasant land, a goodly heritage of the hosts of nations?
and I said, Thou shalt call me, My father; and shalt not turn away from me.
HH: What you need to understand, however, is that this is not a
prophecy. It is an allegory, and within the allegory the husband is
using "common sense." He is expressing what it would be reasonable for
the husband to expect in such circumstances. He is giving what would
have been rational and normal behavior by Israel. God expresses himself
in this way to show how unnatural and treacherous the behavior of Israel
was (and in v. 19 both houses of Israel).
HH: So it is not a prophecy in any sense. Within the allegory it is the
logical expectation.
Yours,
Harold Holmyard
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