---------- Forwarded message ---------
From: Lawrence London <lfljvenaura@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, Jan 10, 2020 at 10:11 PM
Subject: Re: [sustagnet] Fwd: [compost_tea] Soil microbes
To: <sustagnet@googlegroups.com>
On Fri, Jan 10, 2020 at 8:55 PM Frank Schultz <wb5ayy@aircanopy.net> wrote:
> You have an impossible request:
>
If Elaine Ingham was accessible in any of the prevalent forums she would
have a helpful reply but she left for Australia.
I would suggest that he look for information about the soil foodweb she has
written wherever you can find it online. I think there are 6 main
categories of microorganisms that inhabit healthy soil.
I'd have to find this info in my permaculture list archives but I did go to
a lot of trouble to archive it.
protozoa
bacteria
fungi
algae
actinomycetes
nematodes
earthworms
dung beetles
fire ants, Natures little rototillers :-)
moles
useful substances produced in healthy soils that contribute to soil
quality: glomalin, chitin
Despite the need for error checking and updating I compiled some
interesting information about the above gleaned from the Internet in this
document.
It revolves around my fascination with no or minimal till raised beds.
Emelia Hazelip was an expert in this. Quarry rock dusts are beyond valuable
in soil quality building.
All winter I have been eating giant salads of arugula, cilantro, mustard
and turnip greens, upland cress, romaine grown in a pair of large raised
beds that have a lot of granite and pyrophyllite dust added to the soil.
*Farm and Garden Hand Tool Sourcelist & Biointensive Gardening Guide* https://docs.google.com/document/d/1MP85QDZW4x8PXCeXEa0hyVbI98JEeHOLJcj71I1h3Ek/edit?hl=en_US&pli=1 http://www.ibiblio.org/ecolandtech/documents/gardening-hand-tools.faq https://sites.google.com/site/biointensivefarming/
Glomalin:
Glomalin: Hiding Place for a Third of the World's Stored Soil Carbon -
ARS Bulletinhttp://www.ars.usda.gov/is/AR/archive/sep02/soil0902.htm
From: "ARS News Service" <isnv@ars-grin.gov>
To: "ARS News List" <ars-news@ars-grin.gov>
Subject: High CO2 Stimulates Soil-Building "Glue"
Date: Wed, Aug 11, 1999, 11:03 AM
High CO2 Stimulates Soil-Building "Glue"
ARS News Service
Agricultural Research Service, USDA
Don Comis, (301) 504-1625, dcomis@asrr.arsusda.gov
August 12, 1999
"In the first examination of the effects of high atmospheric carbon
dioxide levels on soil structure, an Agricultural Research Service
scientist and cooperators found that the gas stimulates soil-dwelling
fungi to produce more of a unique protein that greatly amplifies a
soil's ability to store carbon.
The study's results are described in a letter published in the August 12
issue of Nature magazine. One of the letter's authors, ARS soil
scientist Sara F. Wright, previously discovered the protein and named
it glomalin. She suspects it may be the primary glue that holds soil
together. Now it appears that a little of this glue goes a long way
toward helping soils keep carbon out of the atmosphere in the form of
carbon dioxide.http://www.ars.usda.gov/is/AR/archive/sep02/soil0902.htm
Glomalin: Hiding Place for a Third of the World's Stored Soil Carbon
A sticky protein seems to be the unsung hero of soil carbon storage.
Until its discovery in 1996 by ARS soil scientist Sara F. Wright, this
soil "super glue" was mistaken for an unidentifiable constituent of
soil organic matter. Rather, it permeates organic matter, binding it
to silt, sand, and clay particles. Not only does glomalin contain 30
to 40 percent carbon, but it also forms clumps of soil granules called
aggregates. These add structure to soil and keep other stored soil
carbon from escaping.
As a glycoprotein, glomalin stores carbon in both its protein and
carbohydrate (glucose or sugar) subunits. Wright, who is with the
Sustainable Agricultural Systems Laboratory in Beltsville, Maryland,
thinks the glomalin molecule is a clump of small glycoproteins with
iron and other ions attached. She found that glomalin contains from 1
to 9 percent tightly bound iron."
<>
Chitin:http://www.ibiblio.org/ecolandtech/orgfarm/mycology/chitin.txt
Date: Fri, 11 May 2001 08:18:07 -0500
Sender: Sustainable Agriculture Network Discussion Group
<SANET-MG@LISTS.IFAS.UFL.EDU>
From: "Wilson, Dale" <WILSONDO@PHIBRED.COM>
Subject: Chitin in laymans terms
"Two basic strategies for mechanical support are found among living
things, bones/muscles and tough, hard shells. Plants, fungi, insects,
spiders, and crustaceans (including lots of tiny, tiny soil creatures)
have shells or cell walls. Most of these exoskeletons and walls are
made of sugar molecules spun together to make long chains. The sugar
molecules are connected by a kind of linkage or bond that is very
resistant to breakdown (unlike starch, which is easily broken into
sugar). The plants make cell walls mainly out of cellulose, the main
constituent of cotton and wood. The animals (and most fungi) that
make cell walls and exoskeletons make them out of a substance very
similar to cellulose called chitin, also fiberous and hard to break
down. It is almost identical chemically to cellulose, except the
sugar molecules have an amino group (contains N) stuck on the side.
The fact that chitin contains all this nitrogen has important
implications ecologically. Nitrogen is a scarce resource in most
systems (well, not if you apply 200 lb/a!), and chitin is an important
source of N, and sugar in many systems. There has been great pressure
for the evolution of organisms that can exploit this resource. In
soils with a large currency of chitin (soils with a lot of fungi)
there are also many organisms that eat chitin for breakfast. In such
situations, chitin is less effective as armor plate. It so happens
that nematodes use chitin as armor plate, and of course most fungi do
to. Soil with a high rate of formation and breakdown of chitin is
less hospitable to nematodes and fungi. Flora must spend more energy
defending itself. Plants have ways of exploiting this situation at the
root/soil interface. It is all wonderfully complex and, well,
miraculous (also very violent on a tiny scale)."
Dale
<>
VAMs, phosphorous, clover, formononetin & Myconate:
Subject: Re: [SANET-MG] Soil solution concentrations of phosphorus
Date: Wed, 29 Dec 2010 13:08:10 -0500
From: Beginning Farmers <beginningfarmers@gmail.com>
To: Sustainable Agriculture Network Discussion Group
<SANET-MG@lists.ifas.ufl.edu>
"Based on this result it was postulated that the plants were actually
sending out a 'signal' when they were under P stress that 'told' the
mycorrhizae 'we need help'. Another researcher, Muralee Nair, was able
to isolate a compound called formononetin - an isoflavanoid (think
soybeans) that was responsible for the signal. Formononetin was
present in such small quantities that Nair didn't believe the results
at first. But after isolating and synthesizing the compound, he
consistently got significant increases in not only mycorrhizal
colonization but also rhizobial nodulation (associated with nitrogen
fixation) in legumes. You can get the paper for free
here:"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1469-8137.1991.tb00568.x/abstract
<>
>
>
> *From:* sustagnet@googlegroups.com *On Behalf Of *Lawrence London
> *Sent:* Friday, January 10, 2020 8:58 AM
> *To:* sustagnet@googlegroups.com
> *Subject:* [sustagnet] Fwd: [compost_tea] Soil microbes
>
>
>
> ---------- Forwarded message ---------
> From: *Brian Grubb thatsmyluggage@aol.com <thatsmyluggage@aol.com>
> [compost_tea]* <compost_tea@yahoogroups.com>
> Date: Fri, Jan 10, 2020 at 9:01 AM
> Subject: [compost_tea] Soil microbes
> To: <compost_tea@yahoogroups.com>
>
>
>
> Is there a source for a list of known microbial species from a soil test,
> or to get a list of known species that would exist in a soil of the
> northeast?
> I realize the multitude of variables regarding soil type, moisture, plant
> types growing there, etc.
>
> I’m working on a large garden renovation project that involves the
> construction of a large site plan with several layers of large ‘pages’ that
> contain identification information of all the plants in the garden. The
> pages open to reveal more plant information, then birds/animals in the
> garden-bugs/butterflies/moths/ insects/etc. in the garden, and finally the
> soil microbes/aerial microbes/etc.
> Simply put, I wish to illustrate the complexity of the food web along with
> the complexity and composition/collection of plants that has been put there
> by the previous owner of this estate. I want to illustrate with this
> project, that all of these parts are part of the garden.
>
> Thank you for your help
> Brian Grubb
> Providence Design
>
> Sent from my iPhone
>
> __._,_.___
> ------------------------------
>
> Posted by: Brian Grubb <thatsmyluggage@aol.com>
> ------------------------------
>
> •
>
> [image: Image removed by sender.]
>
> __,_._,___
>
>
>
> --
>
> Lawrence F. London, Jr.
> lfljvenaura@gmail.com
>
> Avant Geared
>
> walnut and oak serving and kitchen cutting boards
>
>https://sites.google.com/site/avantgeared
> <https://sites.google.com/site/avantgeared/avant-geared-products/woodworking>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
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