Water is moved into the pump by air pressure on the water surface therefore
the distance a pump will lift is dependent on your elevation, but it will be
less than about 30 feet in any case. The pump itself is mounted within that
distance from the lowest water your well should experience. The water above
the pump is lifted by the mechanical process of the pump handle. So with
say a 100 foot well at sea level, the pump will be no more than 30 feet from
the water. The remaining 70 feet of water is lifted by the pump.
The amount of power required is determined by the diameter and length of the
pipe from the pump to the outlet. Additional power will be required if the
pump is to pressurize a water sustem.