Almost anything you need to know about agriculture practices, farm
building design and construction etc., is published by the Extension
Service of Land Grant Colleges. There is a lot of information available
from NGO's like VITA, ATTRA, The Farm and their foreign counterparts on
agriculture, but it dwindles almost into insignificance with the
combined flood of information from these Land Grant Extension Services.
You do, however, have to look at each Land Grant College and its
Extension Services individually---the information they have to offer is
not picked up by Google or Yahoo and their combined information is not
published anywhere..
In international law and international relations, a *state* is a
political entity possessing sovereignty, i.e. not being subject to any
higher political authority. But, as noted below, the "state" can also be
defined in terms of domestic conditions, specifically the role of the
monopolization of force within a country. Of course, different political
philosophies differ in their interpretation of the actual and ideal
roles of the state.
**
a state that operates under a congressional system of government.
A congress is different from a parliament in that legislative initiative
is vested into it. In a /congressional system/ the executive and
legislative branches of government are clearly differentiated. The
office as Head of State (president) and Head of Government (prime
minister) are typically merged, and the members of cabinet are only
rarely taken from the congress.
*.....* Click the link for more information.
to receive the benefits of the Morrill Acts of 1862 and 1890
<http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Morrill%20Land-Grant%20Colleges%20Act>
*The Morrill Land-Grant Colleges Acts* are pieces of US legislation
which allowed for the creation of land-grant universities, which would
be funded by the grant of federally-controlled land to each of the states.
The Morrill Act was first proposed by Representative Justin Smith
Morrill in 1857. This was passed in 1859, but President Buchanan vetoed
it. In 1861, Morill resubmitted the act with the addition that the
proposed institutions would teach military tactics.
**
ortions of the electromagnetic spectrum. In classical economics it is
considered one of three factors of production, the other two being
capital and labor.
Because land is not produced, the market for land responds differently
to taxation from the market for labor and produced goods. An ideally
implemented land value tax would not affect the opportunity cost of
using land, but would instead decrease the value of legal land ownership
(see Georgism).
*.....* Click the link for more information.
*.S. state* is any one of the 50 states which have membership of the
federation known as the United States of America (USA or US). The
individual state governments and the U.S. federal government share
sovereignty. Under the United States Constitution, the federal
government can legislate only on matters explicitly delegated to it by
the Constitution, with the remaining governmental powers belonging to
each individual state.
*.....* Click the link for more information. . The mission of these
institutions, as set forth in the 1862 Act
<http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Morrill%20Land-Grant%20Colleges%20Act>
*The Morrill Land-Grant Colleges Acts* are pieces of US legislation
which allowed for the creation of land-grant universities, which would
be funded by the grant of federally-controlled land to each of the states.
The Morrill Act was first proposed by Representative Justin Smith
Morrill in 1857. This was passed in 1859, but President Buchanan vetoed
it. In 1861, Morill resubmitted the act with the addition that the
proposed institutions would teach military tactics.
**
Mission teach agriculture
<http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/agriculture> *Agriculture* is
the process of producing food, feed, fiber and other desired products by
cultivation of certain plants and the raising of domesticated animals.
Agriculture is also known as *farming*.
Overview
Agriculture includes both subsistence agriculture, which is producing
enough food to meet the needs of the farmer and family (but no more),
and also (almost universally in the "developed" nations and increasingly
so in other areas) the production of financial income from cultivation
of the land or commercial raising of animals (animal husbandry).
Agriculture is the /practice/ -- the /study/ of these disciplines is
called agricultural science.
**
*litary tactics* is the collective name for methods of engaging and
defeating an enemy in battle. Through time, military tactics have
changed much under the influence of philosophy and technology.
Up until the 19th century, much of military tactics was confined to
battlefield tactics, concerned with maneuvering units in battle in open
terrain. In current military thought, tactics is the operational
application of forces to a situation. This is different from military
strategy, which is more concerned with long-term results.
*.....* Click the link for more information.
, and the mechanic arts as well as classical studies so that members of
the working classes can obtain a liberal
<http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Liberal%20arts> In the
history of education, the seven *liberal arts* comprise two groups of
studies, the trivium and the quadrivium. Grammar, rhetoric, and
dialectic (or logic) make up the /trivium/. The /quadrivium/ consists of
the studies of arithmetic, geometry, astronomy, and music. These liberal
arts made up the core curriculum of the medieval universities.
Colloquially, however, the term 'liberal arts' has come to mean studies
intended to provide general knowledge and intellectual skills, rather
than occupational or professional skills. The scope of the liberal arts
has changed with society.
*.....* Click the link for more information. and practical education
<http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/education> *Education*
encompasses teaching and learning specific skills, and also something
less tangible but more profound: the imparting of knowledge, good
judgement and wisdom. One of the fundamental goals of education is to
impart culture across the generations (see socialization).
Overview
Education begins the minute a baby is born and is life-long. Education
may even begin before birth
*.....* Click the link for more information. .
Land-grant universities are not to be confused with Sea Grant Colleges
<http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Sea%20Grant%20Colleges> The
United States of America National *Sea Grant College* Program encourages
wise stewardship of marine resources through research, education,
outreach and technology transfer. The program is a partnership between
the nation's universities and National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration that began in 1966, when the U.S. Congress passed the
National Sea Grant College Program Act.
Sea Grant Colleges are not to be confused with Land Grant Colleges (a
program instituted in 1862) or Space Grant Colleges (instituted in
1988). There are six universities/colleges which actually have all three
designations.
*.....* Click the link for more information.
(a program instituted in 1966) or Space Grant Colleges
<http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Space%20Grant%20Colleges> The
U.S. Congress established the *National Space Grant College* and
Fellowship Program in 1988. Universities in all fifty states,
Washington, D.C., and Puerto Rico participate in the program. These
universities administer the aerospace and space science research,
science education, and public service projects that are funded through
the program.
Space Grant Colleges are not to be confused with Land Grant Colleges (a
program instituted in 1862) or Sea Grant Colleges (instituted in 1966).
There are six universities/colleges which actually have all three
designations.
*.....* Click the link for more information.
(instituted in 1988). There are six universities/colleges which actually
have all three designations.
History
The universities <http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/university>
A *university* is an institution of higher education and of research,
which grants academic degrees. A university provides both tertiary and
quaternary education. /University/ is derived from the Latin
/universitas/, meaning /corporation/ since the first "modern" (medieval
European) universities were simply groups of scholars.
History
Arguably the first university was the Academy founded in 387 BC by the
Greek philosopher Plato in the grove of Academos near Athens, where
students were taught philosophy, mathematics and gymnastics.
*.....* Click the link for more information. were initially known as
land-grant colleges <http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/college>
Technically speaking, a *college* (Latin *collegium*) can refer to any
collection of colleagues (see Electoral college, College of Cardinals);
originally it meant a group of people living together under a common set
of rules (/con-/, "together" + /leg-/, "law"). However, it is most often
used today to denote an educational institution. The precise usage of
the term varies among English-speaking countries.
*.....* Click the link for more information. . Today, only a small
handful still have "College" in their official names.
The University of the District of Columbia
<http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/University%20of%20the%20District%20of%20Columbia>
The *University of the District of Columbia* (also known as *UDC*) is a
public university located in Washington, DC. The university was formed
in 1977 through the amalgamation of the Federal City College and
Washington Technical Institute - which had both been established in 1966
as the result of a study on the educational needs of Washington that had
been commissioned by President Kennedy - with District of Columbia
Teacher College (which itself was formed out of the 1955 merger of the
previously all-black Miner Teachers College and the all-white Wilson
Teachers College). UDC is a historically black college, and is also the
only urban land-grant university in the country. It does not own any
accommodations, being a commuter school.
*.....* Click the link for more information. received land grant status
and a US$
<http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/United%20States%20dollar>
*.....* Click the link for more information. , the American Indian
Higher Education Consortium
<http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/American%20Indian%20Higher%20Education%20Consortium>
The *American Indian Higher Education Consortium (AIHEC)* was formed,
1972, in order to lobby the United States Congress for the purposes of
granting land-grant status to 29 tribal colleges. This status was
conferred in October of 1994 and AIHEC was granted a representative in
the National Association of State Universities and Land-Grant Colleges's
Council of Presidents.
AIHEC now represents
*.....* Click the link for more information.
also received land grant status and 29 additional land grant colleges
were created under the Elementary and Secondary Education
Reauthorization Act. Most of these are two-year technical schools, but
three are four-year institutions, and one offers a master's degree.
See also:
* National Association of State Universities and Land-Grant Colleges
In the United States, a *state university* or *state college* is
one of the colleges or universities in the state (or territorial)
university system. There are no federally-run colleges or
universities in the United States other than the United States
military academies. State universities usually offer lower tuition
costs to in-state residents, as they are funded by state tax dollars.
*.....* Click the link for more information.
* Chapter 79 - May 8, 1914
* The Smith-Hughes Act - 1917
* The Parnell Act - 1925
* The Copper-Ketcham Act - 1928
* The Bankhead-Jones Act of 1935
* The Bankhead-Flannegan Act - 1945
* The Research Marketing Act - 1946
* Amendment to Smith-Lever Act - 1953, 1955, 1961, 1962, 1968
* Amended Hatch Act
<http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Hatch%20Act> - 1955
* The McIntire-Stennis Act - 1962
* The Research Facilities Act - 1965
* Public Law 89-106 - 1965
* The National Sea Grant College and Program Act - 1966
* The Rural Development Act - 1972
* The Food and Agriculture Act - 1977
* The National Agricultural Research Extension and Teaching Act -
Title XIV - 1977
* The Resource Extension Act - 1978
* Amendment to Title XIV - 1981
* The Agriculture and Food Act - 1981
* Amendment to Title XIV of Food Security Act - 1985
* 1994 Native Indian Legislation
This list is constantly under development. If there are any additional
Agricultural Institutions to add to the list I would appreciate hearing
about them. Currently the list is limited to North American universities
but I would be happy to add international listings too. If you have a
new listing to add or if you'd just like to make a comment, you can drop
me a note by clicking here <mailto:burditt AT okway.okstate.edu>.
Australian Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation
(CSIRO) <http://www.csiro.au/>
List of Canada and Worldwide Universities (well, you won't find Chinese
on the list, more's the pity, but the list is useful)---one of my
favorite sources of information is McGill and the Canadian Government
itself has websites and publishes a lot of useful agriculture and
building data..
The compiler of this page does not have a list of e-mail addresses for
universities; does not have information about which universities offer
programs in a particular field of study; does not have a list of
institutions that offer courses over the Internet.
*If you would like to nominate a site for inclusion on this page, send
e-mail to: Don Blakely: *donald.blakely AT omaf.gov.on.ca
<mailto:donald.blakely AT omaf.gov.on.ca>
(Note: These are not exhaustive lists, nor does inclusion of a site
indicate endorsement by Statistics Canada. Some of these sites may only
be available in one language.)
*Government *
* Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada — Also offers links to provincial
ministries of agriculture
www.agr.gc.ca
* Library and Archives of Canada
www.collectionscanada.ca
* Canadian Genealogy Centre
www.genealogy.gc.ca
* Government of Canada — Offers links to various government
departments that can help students in their research
www.canada.gc.ca
* Statistics Canada
www.statcan.ca
* Statistics Canada's E-STAT database — Contains detailed
agriculture data for students
www.statcan.ca/english/Estat/licence.htm
*Interactive learning *
* Agriculture and Food Issues
www.farmissues.com
*Other *
* Ag Care — Agricultural Groups Concerned About Resources and the
Environment
www.agcare.org
* AGRICORP
www.agricorp.com
* AgriWeb Canada
www.agr.gc.ca/agriweb/index.cfm
* Atlas of Canada
www.atlas.gc.ca
* Beef Information Centre
www.beefinfo.org
* Canadian Agriculture Library
www.agr.gc.ca/cal
* Canadian Council of Grocery Distributors
www.ccgd.ca
* Canadian Farm Builders Association
www.cfba.ca
* Canadian Farm Business Management Council
www.cfbmc.com
* Canadian Federation of Agriculture
www.cfa-fca.ca
* Canadian Food Exporters Association
www.cfea.com
* Canadian Food Inspection Agency
www.inspection.gc.ca
* Canadian Health Coalition
www.healthcoalition.ca
* Canadian Marketing Agency
www.cog.ca
* Canadian Seed Growers' Association
www.seedgrowers.ca
* Dietitians of Canada
www.dietitians.ca
* Food Processors of Canada
www.foodprocessors.ca
* Health Canada
www.hc-sc.gc.ca
* National Farmers Union
www.nfu.ca
* National Institute of Nutrition
www.nin.ca
* The Grower
www.thegrower.org
*Canadian universities specializing in agriculture *
Universities carry out research in many different areas of agriculture
and can be a wealth of information.
* Brock University
www.brocku.ca
* McGill University
www.mcgill.ca
* Nova Scotia Agricultural College
www.nsac.ns.ca
* Okanagan University College
www.ouc.bc.ca
* Université de Montréal
www.umontreal.ca (veterinary only)
* Université Laval
www.ulaval.ca
* University of Alberta
www.ualberta.ca
* University of British Columbia
www.ubc.ca
* University of Guelph
www.uoguelph.ca
* University of Lethbridge
www.uleth.ca
* University of Manitoba
www.umanitoba.ca
* University of Prince Edward Island
www.upei.ca (veterinary only)
* University of Saskatchewan
www.usask.ca