*WASHINGTON* - As cameras panned Madison Square Garden this week, they
showed the most diverse group of delegates ever at a Republican National
Convention. But converting a bigger tent in New York to more minority
votes in November will be a tougher proposition.
Expanding the base is an imperative in national politics, never more so
than today's 50-50 nation. And the demographics pose a challenge for
Republicans, as minority populations who tend to vote Democratic far
outpace the growth of whites.
"If we don't attract more minorities who share our values, we'll
eventually be a minority party," says former House Speaker Newt Gingrich
- who spoke to two party groups this week on this theme.
A big-tent focus was everywhere on display during convention week, from
a record number of minority delegates to inclusive speeches by immigrant
Americans such as keynoter Arnold Schwarzenegger. But as candidates head
back out on the trail, the reality is that gains will be hard to come by
- especially this fall.
"We're seeing Bush get no more than 10 percent of the African-American
vote, and no more than 31 percent of Hispanics are expected to support
the president - pretty much the same as 2000," says pollster John Zogby
of Zogby International.
The Census Bureau projects that the Hispanic population will grow 34.7
percent from 2000 to 2009, making this the fastest growing group in
nation. Asians are expected to grow by 33.3 percent, blacks by 12.9
percent. By contrast, whites are expected to grow by 2.8 percent.
The drive to win more of those votes is taking hold. GOP leaders say the
number of minority delegates is up 70 percent over 2000.
African-Americans, Asian-Americans, and Latinos account for 17 percent
of this year's nearly 5,000 delegates, up from 6.3 percent in 1996. It's
"a milestone achievement," says Republican National Committee chairman
Ed Gillespie.
In their appeals to minority voters this year, Republicans are claiming
gains for minorities in home ownership, education, and employment. A new
plank in this year's GOP platform, while stopping short of a blanket
amnesty for illegal immigrants, offers some of them a path to eventual
citizenship. It's controversial among many conservatives, who wanted to
see stricter border controls, but they are toning down protests in the
interest of unity.
Many speakers this week appealed directly to new immigrants. "To my
fellow immigrants listening tonight, I want you to know how welcome you
are in this party," said Governor Schwarzenegger Tuesday.
Indiana's GOP contender for the US Senate, Marvin Scott, told delegates
Monday his ancestors were "involuntary immigrants," but that "your
ancestors fought and died to free mine." "My fellow African-Americans,
come home to this party. We're waiting for you with arms wide open."
The "big tent" has been a GOP goal ever since 1980, when Republicans
convened in the Joe Louis Arena in Detroit to show solidarity with
cities and minority residents. But at the same time, Republicans were
running a "Southern strategy" that used race to draw white Southern
Democrats into the GOP. Ronald Reagan kicked off his 1980 campaign on a
"states' rights" theme in Philadelphia, Miss., scene of the 1964 slaying
of three civil rights workers. After a loss in the 2000 New Hampshire
primary, George Bush launched his South Carolina campaign at Bob Jones
University, known at the time for its ban on interracial dating. Both
venues are still cited by civil rights activists as evidence that the
GOP plays the race card to win votes.
"The current Republican Party has a history and a legacy it has to live
down for it to attract minority supporters, and there is no evidence
it's ready to live down that history," says David Bositis, an expert on
the black vote at the Joint Center for Political and Economic Studies in
Washington. There are still only 59 black GOP officeholders at state or
local levels, he adds.
Despite unusually strong appeals to African-American voters in the 2000
campaign, Bush won only 8 percent of the black vote, the lowest of any
GOP candidate since Barry Goldwater. Still, 1 in 4 younger black voters
describe themselves as conservative, which could portend long-term GOP
inroads.
Gains among Hispanic voters are more robust, but still short of the pace
needed to keep up with national demographic shifts. Republicans have
made some of their greatest gains among Hispanics in the West and Texas,
according to the Pew Research Center's 2004 values survey.
Analysts of the Hispanic vote say government services are important to
new immigrants, and Republicans aren't framing their campaigns around
that issue. "Republicans like to talk about the fact that Latinos are
conservative, oppose abortion, and have an entrepreneurial spirit, and
that's correct. But Latino communities also want more from government,
in education, public safety, and the delivery of social services.
"Republicans have made a commitment to invest in Latino outreach, but it
won't bear fruit in 2004," says Louis DeSipio, a political scientist at
the University of California at Irvine. "Republicans don't yet have a
cadre of local elected officials, who give Latino potential voters a
face on the Republican Party, and that's a real advantage that Democrats
have."
Some analysts say the GOP may not have to win large numbers of minority
voters outright. For this fall, it may be enough to give them less of a
reason turn out.