Gabe,
I think Isaac makes a good point because the speaker can be summarizing the whole dynamic between the prophet and the Israelites. They could ironically take Isaiah's statement that God teaches the farmer and defiantly gives it back to Isaiah about their unwillingness to repent.
Of course Isaiah himself was using the whole farming illustration to discuss divine discipline in the first place. So there is no doubt that God would teach the Israelites to repent, but they would not like the way he taught them. That is part of Isaiah's point, although he moderates it by adding that the divine discipline would not go on forever.
Rabbah b. bar Hana can be reflecting the unrepentant attitude of Israel by creatively inventing a dialogue that borrows from Isaiah. It does not necessarily mean that he translated the verse that way.
Yours,
Harold Holmyard
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