[Market-farming] New to the list; Black Plastic Mulch Overheating
Bill Shoemaker
wshoemak at inil.com
Thu May 8 08:12:14 EDT 2008
Black plastic mulch is used in the southern US quite successfully. The huge
conventional tomato crops in Florida are often grown on it. The plants will
shade the plastic once they gain enough size. Before that, the heat from the
plastic will promote growth, the plastic conserves moisture and the weeds
are totally controlled. Put drip irrigation tape underneath and you can
really manage the crop. In the future I think bio-degradable mulches will
become more common and affordable. Growers will be able to till in the
plastic and let the microbes eat it, a considerable labor savings and
environmental improvement.
We have been evaluating 10 plastic mulches of different colors with
tomatoes, peppers and melons for several years. There are real differences
in plant performance. Which color works best depends on which plant you're
growing and when you plant. In the end, because of price differences in the
products and black being cheapest, black is the best all-in-one mulch for
warm season crops generally in our area. Because conditions, including
daylengths, differ in other areas, results might be different in other
areas.
Lucy's point about transplants wilting is good. I've lost plants when
conditions are hot and sunny. Plant early in cool, cloudy conditions if
possible. If you put a spadeful of soil around the base of the plant,
sealing the hole in the mulch, it will stop the hot air from funneling out
through the hole. The concentrated stream of hot air is what kills the
plant. Sealing the hole prevents the damage. I knew a couple of vegetable
growers who used clear plastic on tomatoes, cucumbers, peppers, squash and
other summer crops. It gets even hotter than black plastic but weeds grow
under it. They would seal the holes like I described above. It would get so
hot that the weeds underneath would fry but the crops would thrive. They
practiced this for 30 years before they retired. They still do it in their
garden. They also had earlier crops than growers with black plastic mulch.
Bill Shoemaker, Sr Research Specialist, Food Crops
University of Illinois - St Charles Horticulture Research Center, zone 5b
www.nres.uiuc.edu/faculty/directory/shoemaker_wh.html
> And, also, does anybody in zone 6b have experience using black plastic
> mulch with tomatoes? I would like to try this but I'm concerned about
> overheating the soil. If started early enough would the shade from
> grown plants be enough by mid summer to keep this from being a
> problem?
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